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[Home]
[Up]
[Contents]
[Preface]
[Bibliographical Note]
[A Note on the Text]
[WHAT IS ART?]
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XVIII
XIX
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[CONCLUSION]
[Appendix I]
[Appendix II]
[Notes]
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WHAT IS ART?
¿¹¼úÀº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡?
TRANSLATED BY RICHARD PEVEAR AND LARISSA VOLOKHONSKY
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¿¹¼úÀº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡?
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People speak of the art of the future, meaning an especially refined new art, which is supposed to develop out of the art of one class of society, now considered the highest art. But such a new art of the future cannot and will not be. Our exclusive art of the upper classes of the Christian world has reached a dead end. There is no going further on the path it has followed. This art, having once parted with the chief demand of art (that it be guided by religious consciousness), becoming more and more exclusive and therefore more and more perverted, has come to nothing. The art of the future — as it really will be — will not be a continuation of present-day art, but will emerge on completely different, new principles, having nothing in common with those by which our modern upper-class art is guided. |
»ç¶÷µéÀº ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»ÇϵÇ, Ưº°È÷ ¼¼·ÃµÈ ¿¹¼úÀ»
ÀǹÌÇϸç, ÇÑ °è±Þ »çȸÀÇ ¿¹¼ú¿¡¼ ¹ßÀüÇØ ³ª¿À°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, ÀÌÁ¦ ÃÖ°íÀÇ ¿¹¼ú·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×·± »õ·Î¿î ¿¹¼úÀº ÀÖÀ» ¼öµµ
ÀÖÁöµµ ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ¼¼°èÀÇ »ó·ù °è±ÞµéÀÇ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¹èŸÀû ¿¹¼úÀº ¸¶Áö¸· °÷¿¡ µµÂøÇß´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ µû¶ó °£ ±æ¿¡´Â ´õ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÀüÁøÀÌ
¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¹¼úÀº, ÀÏ´Ü ¿¹¼úÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¿ä±¸µéÀ» ¸Ö¸®Çϰí, Á¡Á¡ ´õ ¹èŸÀûÀ¸·Î ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´õ¿í ´õ ¿Ö°îµÇ¾î ¹ö·Á¼, ¾Æ¹« ¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ¾ø°Ô µÇ¾î
¹ö·È´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ — ±×°ÍÀÌ Áø½Ç·Î µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â ´ë·Î — ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº ¿À´Ã³¯ ¿¹¼úÀÇ °è¼ÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ´Ù¸¥, »õ·Î¿î ¿ø¸®µé À§¿¡ ¼Ú¾Æ ³¯
°ÍÀ̸ç, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Çö´ë »ó·ù °è±ÞµéÀÌ À̲ø·Á °¡°í ÀÖ´Â °Íµé°ú´Â ¾Æ¹«·± °øÅëÁ¡ÀÌ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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The art of the future — that is, as much of art as will be singled out from the whole of art spread among mankind — will consist not in the conveying of feelings accessible only to some people of the wealthy classes, as happens now, but will be that art alone which realizes the highest religious consciousness of the people of our time. Those works alone will be considered works of art which convey feelings drawing people towards brotherly union, or such all-human feelings as will be able to unite all people. Only such art will be singled out, allowed, approved and disseminated. But art that conveys feelings coming from obsolete religious teachings, outlived by the people — Church art, patriotic art, sensual art, art that conveys the feelings of superstitious fear, pride, vanity, the admiration of heroes, art that arouses sensuality or an exclusive love of one¡¯s own nation — will be regarded as bad, harmful art, and will be condemned and despised by public opinion. All the rest of art, which conveys feelings accessible only to some people, will be considered unimportant, and will be neither condemned nor approved. And, generally, it will not be a separate class of rich people that appreciates art, but the whole people; so that for a work of art to be recognized as good, to be approved and disseminated, it will have to satisfy the demands, not of some people who live in identical and often unnatural conditions, but of all people, of the great mass of people who are in natural working conditions. |
¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú — Áï, Àηùµé »çÀÌ¿¡ ÆîÃÄÁ® ÀÖ´Â Àüü ¿¹¼ú·ÎºÎÅÍ
¼±º°µÇ¾î Áú ±×·± ¸¸ÅÀÇ ¿¹¼ú — Àº, Áö±Ý ÀϾ°í ÀÖµíÀÌ, ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀϺΠºÎÀ¯ÇÑ °è±ÞµéÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ë ¹ÎÁßµéÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ÀǽÄ(ëòãÛ)µéÀ» ½ÇÇö½ÃŰ´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿¹¼ú¸¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·± ¿¹¼úµé¸¸ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÇüÁ¦¾ÖÀûÀÎ ¿¬ÇÕÀ¸·Î
²ø¾îµéÀÌ´Â ´À³¦µé, ȤÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ±×·± Áø½Ç·Î Àΰ£ÀûÀÎ ´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼ú ÀÛǰµé·Î ¿©°ÜÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×·±
¿¹¼ú¸¸ÀÌ ¼±º°µÇ°í, Çã¿ëµÇ¸ç, ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾î º¸±ÞµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Åð¶ôÇÑ Á¾±³Àû °¡¸£Ä§µé¿¡¼ ³ª¿À´Â ´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼úÀº,
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾µ¸ð ¾ø¾îÁ®¼ — ±³È¸ ¿¹¼ú, ¾Ö±¹ ¿¹¼ú, °ü´É ¿¹¼ú, ¹Ì½ÅÀû µÎ·Á¿ò, ¿À¸¸, Ç㿵, ¿µ¿õµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼þ¹èÀÇ Âù¹ÌÀÇ ´À³¦µéÀ»
Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼ú, °ü´É ȤÀº ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹èŸÀû »ç¶ûÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼ú — Àº ¾ÇÇÑ, ÇØ·Î¿î ¿¹¼ú·Î ¿©°ÜÁú °ÍÀ̸ç, ¿©·Ð¿¡ ÀÇÇØ
ºñ³ ¹Þ°í °æ¸êµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ³ª¸ÓÁö ¿¹¼úÀº, ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÔÀ¸·Î, Áß¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ô ¿©°ÜÁú °ÍÀ̰í, ºñ³
¹ÞÁöµµ ÀÎÁ¤¹ÞÁöµµ ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î, ¿¹¼úÀ» Á¤´çÈ÷ Æò°¡ÇÏ´Â ÂÊÀº º°µµÀÇ ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °è±ÞÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, Àüü ¹ÎÁßµéÀÌ´Ù;
±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ÇÑ ¿¹¼ú ÀÛǰÀÌ ¼±ÇÏ´Ù°í Àνĵǰí, ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ¾Æ¼ º¸±ÞµÇ·Á¸é, ±×°ÍÀº µ¿ÀÏÇϰí ÈçÈ÷ ºÎÀÚ¿¬½º·± Á¶°Çµé ¾È¿¡ »ç´Â ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÇ, ÀÚ¿¬½º·± ³ëµ¿ Á¶°Çµé ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹ÎÁßµéÀÇ ¿ä±¸µéÀ» ¸¸Á·½ÃÄѾ߸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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And the artists who produce art will no longer be, as now, only rare people from the wealthy classes, or close to them, selected from a small portion of the whole people, but all the gifted representatives of the whole people who show a capacity for and an inclination towards artistic activity. |
±×¸®°í ¿¹¼úÀ» »ý»êÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀº ´õ ÀÌ»ó, Áö±Ýó·³, ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ
°è±Þµé, ȤÀº ±×µé ±ÙóÀÇ ¿ÀÁ÷ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ, Àüü ¹ÎÁßÀÇ Á¶±×¸¸ ÀϺηκÎÅÍ ¼±ÅõÈ, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿¹¼úÀû Ȱµ¿À» À§ÇÑ ±×¸®°í ´É·Â°ú ÀÇÇâÀ»
³ªÅ¸³»´Â Àüü ¹ÎÁßÀÇ ¸ðµç õºÎÀÇ Àç´ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀÚµéÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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Artistic activity will then be accessible to all people. It will become accessible to every simple person because, first, the art of the future will not require that complex technique which disfigures the works of art of our time and requires great effort and expenditure of time, but, on the contrary, will require clarity, simplicity and brevity — conditions acquired not by mechanical exercises but by the education of taste. Secondly, artistic activity will become accessible to all members of the people, because instead of the existing professional schools, accessible only to the few, in the people¡¯s primary schools everyone will study music and painting (singing and drawing), together with reading and writing, so that each person, having acquired the first principles of painting and music, could, if he felt an ability and a calling for one of the arts, become perfected in it; and, thirdly, because all the forces now spent on false art will be employed in spreading true art among the whole people. |
¿¹¼úÀû Ȱµ¿Àº ±×·¯¸é ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿·ÁÀÖ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº
Àú¸¶´Ù ´Ü¼øÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé, ¸ÕÀú, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¿¹¼ú ÀÛǰµéÀ» ÈѼÕÇÏ¸ç ¾öû³ ³ë·Â ¹× ½Ã°£ÀÇ
¼Ò¸ð¸¦ ¿äÇÏ´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ ±â¹ýÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¹Ý´ë·Î, ¸í·á¼º, ´Ü¼ø¼º ¹× °£°á¼º — ±â°èÀû ÈÆ·Ãµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÃëÇâÀÇ ±³À°¿¡
ÀÇÇØ ½ÀµæµÇ¾îÁö´Â »óÅÂµé — À» ¿ä±¸ÇÒ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. µÑ°·Î, ¿¹¼úÀû Ȱµ¿Àº ¹ÎÁßÀÇ ¸ðµç ±¸¼º¿øµé¿¡°Ô ¿·ÁÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿ÀÁ÷
¼Ò¼ö¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Á÷¾÷ Çб³µé ´ë½Å¿¡, ¹ÎÁßÀÇ ÃʵîÇб³µé ¾È¿¡¼ ´©±¸³ª, µ¶¼¿Í ÀÛ¹®°ú ´õºÒ¾î, À½¾Ç ¹× ¹Ì¼ú (°¡Ã¢ ¹×
±×¸®±â)¸¦ °øºÎÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© Á¦°¢±â »ç¶÷Àº, ¹Ì¼ú°ú À½¾ÇÀÇ Ã¹Â° ¿ø¸®µéÀ» üµæÇÏ¿´À¸¹Ç·Î, ±×°¡ ´É·Â ÀÖÀ½À» ´À³¢°í ¿¹¼úµé ÁßÀÇ Çϳª¿¡
ºÎ¸§À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù¸é, ±× ¾È¿¡¼ ¿Ï¼ºµÉ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®À̸ç; ±×¸®°í, ¼¼ ¹øÂ°·Î, Áö±Ý °ÅÁþ ¿¹¼ú¿¡ ¼Ò¸ðµÇ´Â ¸ðµç ÈûµéÀº Àüü ¹ÎÁß »çÀÌ¿¡ ÂüµÈ
¿¹¼úÀ» ÀüÆÄÇÔ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. |
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It is thought that, unless there are special art schools, the technique of art will weaken. It will undoubtedly weaken, if by technique we understand those complications of art which are now regarded as merits; but if by technique one understands clarity, beauty, simplicity and economy in works of art, then technique not only will not weaken, as all popular art shows, but will be perfected a hundred times over, even if there are no professional schools, even if the principles of drawing and music are not taught in the people¡¯s schools. It will be perfected because all the artists of genius now hidden among the people will participate in art, and, needing no complicated technical training, as now, and having examples of true art before them, will give new examples of genuine art, which will be, as it has always been, the best school of technique for artists. Even now, every true artist learns not at school, but from life, by the examples of the great masters; but when the most gifted from the whole people will be participants in art, and there will be more of these examples, and these examples will be more accessible, then the school training, which future artists will be deprived of, will be compensated for a hundred times over by the training the artist gets from the numerous examples of good art spread through society. |
Ưº° ¿¹¼ú Çб³µéÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, ¿¹¼ú ±â¹ýµéÀÌ ¾àÇØÁú °ÍÀ̶ó »ý°¢µÈ´Ù.
±×°ÍÀº ÀǽÉÀÇ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ ¾àÇØÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¸¸ÀÏ ±â¹ýÀÌ ¿ì¸®°¡ ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â ¹Ù Áö±Ý ÀåÁ¡µé·Î ¿©°ÜÁö´Â ±×·± ¿¹¼úÀÇ º¹À⼺À̶ó¸é; ±×·¯³ª ±â¹ýÀÌ
ÀÌÇØµÇ´Â ¹Ù°¡ ¿¹¼ú ÀÛǰµé ¾È¿¡¼ ¸í·á¼º, ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò, ´Ü¼ø¼º ¹× °æÁ¦¼ºÀ̶ó¸é, ±×·¸´Ù¸é ±â¹ýÀº, ¸ðµç ´ëÁß ¿¹¼úÀÌ º¸¿© ÁÖµí, ¾àȵǴ °ÍÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ½ÉÁö¾î ¾Æ¹«·± Á÷¾÷ Çб³µéÀÌ ¾ø´õ¶óµµ, ¹ÎÁßµéÀÇ Çб³µé¿¡¼ ±×¸®±â ¹× À½¾ÇÀÇ ¿ø¸®µéÀÌ °¡¸£ÃÄÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ,¹é ¹øÀ̶óµµ
¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾î Áú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾î Áú °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¹ÎÁß ¾È¿¡ Áö±Ý ¼û¾î ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç õÀçÀû ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀÌ ¿¹¼ú¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀ̰í, Áö±Ý°ú
°°ÀÌ, º¹ÀâÇÑ ±â¼úÀû ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±×µé ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ¿¹µéÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÀ½À¸·Î½á, ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼úÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¿¹µéÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç,
±×°ÍÀº, ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±×·¨´ø °Íó·³, ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀ» À§ÇÑ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ±â¼ú Çб³°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î Áö±Ýµµ, Àú¸¶´Ù ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼ú°¡´Â Çб³¿¡¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
»îÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ, À§´ëÇÑ ½º½ÂµéÀÇ ¿¹µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹è¿î´Ù; ÇÏÁö¸¸ Àüü ¹ÎÁßÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå Àç´É ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿¹¼úÀÇ Âü¿©ÀÚ°¡ µÉ ¶§, ÀÌ·± ¿¹µéÀº ´õ
¸¹À» °ÍÀ̸ç, ÀÌ ¿¹µéÀº ´õ¿í ¿·Á ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×·¯¸é Çб³ ÈÆ·ÃÀº, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡¿¡°Ô ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø°Ô µÇ¸ç, »çȸ¸¦ Àü¹Ý¿¡ ÆÛÁ® ÀÖ´Â ¼±ÇÑ
¿¹¼úÀÇ ¼ö ¸¹Àº ¿¹µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀÌ ¹Þ´Â ÈÆ·Ã¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ö¹é ¹øÀ̳ª º¸»ó¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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This will be one difference between the art of the future and that of the present. Another difference will be that the art of the future will not be produced by professional artists who are remunerated for their art and who are occupied with nothing else but their art. The art of the future will be produced by all the people, who will occupy themselves with it whenever they feel a need for such activity. |
À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°ú ÇöÀçÀÇ ÇÑ °¡Áö Â÷ÀÌÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Â÷ÀÌ´Â
¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº ¿¹¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ º¸¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ±×¸®°í ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×µéÀÇ ¿¹¼ú¿¡¸¸ ¸ôµÎÇÏ´Â Á÷¾÷Àû ¿¹¼úÀε鿡 ÀÇÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº
¸ðµç ¹ÎÁß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁú °ÍÀ̰í, ±×µéÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ È°µ¿¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ並 ´À³¥ ¶§¸é ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±×°Í¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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It is thought in our society that an artist will work better, will do more, if he is materially secure. This opinion proves once again with full evidence, if there is still any need to prove it, that what is regarded as art among us is not art but is merely a simulacrum of it. It is quite correct that the division of
labor is very advantageous for the production of boots or bread, that a shoemaker or a baker who has no need to prepare dinner or chop wood for himself will make more boots or bread than if he has to see to his dinner and firewood himself. But art is not a handicraft, but the conveying of a feeling experienced by the artist. And feeling can be born in a man only if he lives the many-sided life natural and proper for human beings. And that is why giving artists security in their material needs is the most harmful condition for artistic productivity, because it releases the artist from the condition proper to all men of struggling with nature to support his own and other people¡¯s lives, and thereby deprives him of the occasion and the possibility of experiencing the most important feelings proper to human beings. No situation is more harmful for artistic productivity than the situation of complete security and luxury in which artists usually live in our society. |
¿ì¸® »çȸ¿¡¼ ¿¹¼ú°¡´Â ¸¸ÀÏ ±×°¡ ¹°ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î µçµçÇÏ´Ù¸é, ´õ
ÈǸ¢ÇϰÔ, ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÏÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¿©·ÐÀº, ¸¸ÀÏ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ±×°ÍÀ» Áõ¸íÇÒ ¾î¶² Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ¿ì¸®µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¿¹¼úÀ̶ó°í ¿©°ÜÁö´Â °ÍÀº
¿¹¼úÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´ÜÁö ±×°ÍÀÇ ¸ðÁ¶Ç°À̶ó´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ Áõ°ÅµéÀ» ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ºÐ¾÷Àº ½Å¹ß ȤÀº »§ÀÇ »ý»ê¿¡ ¸Å¿ì À¯¸®ÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í,
±¸µÎ Á¦Á¶ÀÚ ¹× »§ Á¦Á¶ÀÚ´Â ½º½º·Î ½Ä»ç³ª ¶ª°¨ ³ª¹«¸¦ ½º½º·Î ÁغñÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù¸é ±×°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ä»ç ȤÀº ÀåÀÛ³ª¹«¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ¿°·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â
»ç¶÷º¸´Ù ´õ ¸¹Àº ½Å¹ß ȤÀº »§À» ¸¸µé °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀº ¸Â´Ù.±×·¯³ª ¿¹¼úÀº ¼ÕÀçÁÖ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿¹¼ú°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °æÇèµÈ ´À³¦À» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ´À³¦Àº ±×°¡ ¿ÀÁ÷ Àΰ£µé¿¡°Ô ´ç¿¬ÇÏ°í °íÀ¯ÇÑ ¸¹Àº Ãø¸éÀÇ »îÀ» »ê´Ù¸é ÇÑ »ç¶÷ ¾È¿¡¼ »ý°Ü³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀÌ ¿Ö ¿¹¼ú°¡µé¿¡°Ô
±×µéÀÇ ¹°ÁúÀû ÇÊ¿äµé¿¡ ´ëÇØ º¸ÀåÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿¹¼úÀû »ý»ê¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ °¡Àå ÇØ·Î¿î »óÅÂÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯À̸ç, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×°ÍÀÌ ¿¹¼ú°¡¿¡°Ô¼ ÀÚ±â Àڽй×
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ »ý¸íÀ» ºÎ¾çÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÀÚ¿¬°ú ÅõÀïÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °íÀ¯ÇÑ Á¶°ÇÀ» ÇØ¹æ½Ã۸ç, ±×·¸°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±×¿¡°Ô¼ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °íÀ¯ÇÑ
°¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ´À³¦µéÀ» °æÇèÇÒ ±âȸ ¹× °¡´É¼ºÀ» ¹ÚÅ»Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶°ÇÑ »óȲµµ ¿ì¸® »çȸ¿¡¼ ¿¹¼ú°¡°¡ ÈçÈ÷ ´©¸®´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¾ÈÀü ¹× »çÄ¡ÀÇ
»óȲº¸´Ù ´õ ¿¹¼úÀû »ý»ê¼º¿¡ ÇØ·Î¿î °ÍÀÎ ¾ø´Ù. |
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The artist of the future will live the ordinary life of a human being, earning his living by some kind of
labor. He will strive to give the fruit of that supreme spiritual force which passes through him to the greatest number of people, because this conveying of the feelings that have been born in him to the greatest number of people is his joy and his reward. The artist of the future will not even understand how it is possible for an artist, whose joy consists in the widest
dissemination of his works, to give these works only in exchange for a certain payment. |
¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡´Â Àΰ£À¸·Î¼ Æò¹üÇÑ »îÀ» »ì °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×ÀÇ »ý°è´Â
¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ ³ëµ¿¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ²Ù·Á ³ª°¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ±×¸¦ ÅëÇØ Áö³ª´Â ÃÖ°íÀÇ ¿µÀû ÈûÀÇ ¿¸Å¸¦ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÁÖ·Á°í ¾Ö¾µ °ÍÀÌ´Ù,
¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×ÀÇ ¾È¿¡¼ ź»ýµÈ ´À³¦µéÀ» °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÀÌ·¸°Ô Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×ÀÇ ±â»ÝÀÌ¸ç º¸»óÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡´Â
¿¹¼ú°¡¿¡°Ô, ±×ÀÇ Áñ°Å¿òÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ÀÛǰµéÀÌ °¡Àå ³Î¸® ÆÛÁü¿¡ ÀÖÀ» Áø´ë, ¿ÀÁ÷ ¾î¶² ÁöºÒ¿¡ ´ë½Å¿¡ ÀÌ·± ÀÛǰµéÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô °¡´ÉÇÏÁö
½ÉÁö¾î ÀÌÇØÇÏÁöµµ ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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Until the sellers are driven out of the temple, the temple of art will not be a temple. [114] The art of the future will drive them out. |
Àå»çÄ¡µéÀÌ ¼ºÀüÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÂÑ°Ü ³ª°¥ ¶§±îÁö, ¿¹¼úÀÇ ¼ºÀüÀº ¼ºÀüÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº ±×µéÀ» ¸ô¾Æ ³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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And therefore the content of the art of the future, as I picture it to myself, will be completely unlike that of present-day art. The content of the art of the future will not consist in the expression of exclusive feelings — vanity, tedium, satiety, and sensuality in all possible forms, accessible and interesting only to people who have forcibly liberated themselves from the
labor proper to human beings — but will consist in the expression of feelings experienced by a man who lives a life proper to all people and coming from the religious consciousness of our time, or feelings accessible to all people without exception. |
±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº, ³»°¡ ½º½º·Î ±×·Á º¸°Ç´ë, ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ
¿¹¼ú°ú´Â ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ´Ù¸¦ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ¹èŸÀûÀÎ ´À³¦µé — Àΰ£µé¿¡°Ô °íÀ¯ÇÑ ³ëµ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °Á¦·Î ÇØ¹æµÇ¾î ¹ö¸° »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿ÀÁ÷
¿·Á ÀÖ°í Èï¹Ì°¡ ÀÖ´Â, °¡´ÉÇÑ ¸ðµç Çü½Äµé ¾È¿¡¼ÀÇ Ç㿵, ±ÇÅÂ, Æ÷¸¸, ¹× °ü¿ë — ÀÇ Ç¥Çö¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °íÀ¯ÇÑ
»îÀ» »ç´Â »ç¶÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °æÇèµÈ ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ÀǽÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿À´Â ´À³¦µé, ȤÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿¹¿Ü ¾øÀÌ ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀÇ
Ç¥Çö¿¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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To people of our circle, who do not, or cannot, or do not wish to know the feelings that must make up the content of the art of the future, it seems that this content is very poor in comparison with the subtleties of the exclusive art with which they are now occupied. ¡®What new can be expressed in the sphere of Christian feelings of love for one¡¯s
neighbor? And the feelings accessible to all people are so insignificant and monotonous,¡¯ they think. And yet, in our time, the only feelings that can truly be new are religious, Christian feelings, or feelings accessible to all. The feelings that come from the religious consciousness of our time, Christian feelings, are infinitely new and varied; only not, as some think, in the sense of portraying Christ and episodes from the Gospels, or repeating in new form the Christian truths of unity, brotherhood, equality and love, but in the sense that all the oldest, most ordinary phenomena of life, long known from all sides, call up the newest, most unexpected and touching feelings as soon as one regards them from a Christian point of view. |
¿ì¸® ¹üÁÖÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ¹Ýµå½Ã ±¸¼ºÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â
´À³¦µéÀ» ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â, ¾Ë ¼öµµ ¾ø´Â ȤÀº ¾Ë±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô, ÀÌ·± ³»¿ëÀº ±×µéÀÌ ÇöÀç ¸ôµÎÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ¹èŸÀû ¿¹¼úÀÇ ¼¶¼¼ÇÔ µé¿¡
ºñÇÏ¸é ¸Å¿ì ºó¾àÇÑ °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. 'ÀÌ¿ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶÷À̶ó´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÀûÀÎ ´À³¦µéÀÇ ¿µ¿ª¿¡¼ ¾î¶² »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀÌ Ç¥ÇöµÉ ¼ö Àִ°¡? ±×¸®°í
¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀº ³Ê¹« ½Ã½ÃÇÏ°í ´ÜÁ¶·Ó´Ù,'¶ó°í ±×µéÀº »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ë¿¡ ÂüÀ¸·Î »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ
´À³¦µéÀº Á¾±³Àû, ±×¸®½ºµµ±³Àû ´À³¦µé, ȤÀº ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ÀǽÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿À´Â ´À³¦µé,
±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÀûÀÎ ´À³¦µéÀº ¹«ÇÑÈ÷ »õ·Ó°í ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù; ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ý°¢Çϵí, ´ÜÁö ±×¸®½ºµµ ¹× º¹À½¼µéÀÇ ¿¡ÇǼҵåµéÀ» ¹¦»çÇÔ, ȤÀº »õ·Î¿î
Çü½Äµé·Î ÈÇÕ, ÇüÁ¦¾Ö, Æòµî ¹× »ç¶ûÀ» µÇÇ®ÀÌ ÇÔÀÇ Àǹ̿¡¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÀûÀÎ °üÁ¡¿¡¼ ¹Ù¶óº¸ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, ¸ðµç Ãø¸éµé¿¡¼ ¿À·¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁ®
ÀÖ´Â, »îÀÇ ¸ðµç °¡Àå ¿À·¡µÈ, °¡Àå Æò¹üÇÑ Çö»óµéÀÌ °¡Àå »õ·Ó°í, °¡Àå ¿¹»óÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ ±×¸®°í °¨µ¿ÀûÀÎ ´À³¦µéÀ» ºÒ·¯ ¿Â´Ù´Â Àǹ̿¡¼
±×·¸´Ù. |
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What can be older than the relations between spouses, of parents to children, of children to parents, the relations of people to their compatriots, to foreigners, to attack, defence, property, land, animals? But as soon as one regards these phenomena from a Christian point of view, there at once arise the most new, complex, touching and infinitely varied feelings. |
¹«¾ùÀÌ ¹è¿ìÀÚµé »çÀÌÀÇ, ÀÚ³àµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎ¸ðµéÀÇ, ÀÚ³àµéÀÇ ºÎ¸ðµé¿¡
´ëÇÑ °ü°èµé, »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ±×µéÀÇ µ¿Æ÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ, ¿Ü±¹Àε鿡 ´ëÇÑ, °ø°Ý, ¹æ¾î, Àç»ê, ÅäÁö, µ¿¹°µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü°èµé º¸´Ù ¿À·¡ÀÏ ¼ö Àִ°¡?
±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®°¡ À̵é Çö»óµéÀ» ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÀûÀÎ °üÁ¡¿¡¼ ´ëÇÏÀÚ ¸¶ÀÚ, ±Ý¹æ °¡Àå »õ·Ó°í, º¹ÀâÇϸç, °¨µ¿ÀûÀÌ¸ç ¹«ÇÑÈ÷ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ´À³¦µéÀÌ ÀϾÙ. |
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In just the same way there is not a narrowing but a broadening of the area of content for the art of the future which will convey the most simple, everyday feelings, accessible to all. In our former art, what was considered worthy of being conveyed in art was only the expression of feelings proper to a certain exclusive position, and that only on condition that they be conveyed in a most refined way, inaccessible to the majority of people; but the whole enormous realm of popular children¡¯s art — jokes, proverbs, riddles, songs, dances, children¡¯s games, mimicry — was not considered a worthy object of art. |
Á¤¸» ¶È°°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î °¡Àå ´Ü¼øÇϸç, ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â, ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ
´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀ» Á¼ÈûÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³ÐÈûÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °ú°Å ¿¹¼ú¿¡¼´Â, ¿¹¼ú ¾È¿¡ Àü´ÞµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Ä¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í
¿©°ÜÁö´Â °ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ¹èŸÀû ÁöÀ§¿¡ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ´À³¦µéÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ̾ú°í, ±×°Íµµ ¿ÀÁ÷, ´ë´Ù¼ö »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ´ÝÇô ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼, °¡Àå ¼¼·ÃµÈ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î
Àü´ÞµÇ´Â »óÅ¿´´Ù; ÇÏÁö¸¸ Àαâ ÀÖ´Â ¾Æµ¿µéÀÇ ¿¹¼ú — ³ó´ãµé, ¼Ó´ãµé, ¼ö¼ö²²³¢µé, ³ë·¡µé, ¹«¿ëµé, ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ °ÔÀÓµé, Èä³»µé — ÀÇ Àüü
±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¿µ¿ªÀº °¡Ä¡ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. |
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The artist of the future will understand that to invent a little tale, a touching song, a ditty, an amusing riddle, a funny joke, to make a drawing that will give joy to dozens of generations, or to millions of children and adults, is incomparably more important and fruitful than to write a novel or a symphony or paint a picture that will for a short time divert a few members of the wealthy classes and then be forgotten for ever. The realm of this art of simple feelings accessible to all is enormous and as yet almost untouched. |
¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀº, ¿©·¯ ¼¼´ëµé¿¡°Ô, ȤÀº ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌµé ¹×
¼ºÀε鿡°Ô Áñ°Å¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â Á¶±×¸¸ À̾߱â, °¨µ¿ÀûÀÎ ³ë·¡, °¡»ç, Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ¼ö¼ö²²³¢, ¿ì½º¿î ³ó´ãÀ» Áö¾î ³»´Â °Í, ±×¸²À» ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ, Àá½Ã
µ¿¾È ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ °è±ÞµéÀÇ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀ» Áñ°Ì°Ô ÇØ ÁÖ°í °ð ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ÀØÇôÁ® ¹ö¸®´Â ¼Ò¼³ ȤÀº ±³Çâ°îÀ» ¾²°Å³ª ȤÀº ±×¸²À» ±×¸®´Â °Í º¸´Ù °¡Àå
Áß¿äÇÏ¸ç °á½ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´ÞÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·± ´Ü¼øÇÑ ´À³¦µéÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀº ±¤´ëÇÏ¸ç ±×·¯¸é¼µµ °ÅÀÇ ¼ÕÀÌ ´êÁö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. |
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Thus the art of the future will not only not be impoverished, but, on the contrary, will be infinitely enriched in content. In just the same way, the form of the art of the future will not only not be inferior to the present-day form of art, but will be incomparably superior — superior not in the sense of refined and complex tech¡©nique, but in the sense of the skill of briefly, simply and clearly conveying, without any superfluities, the feeling that the artist has experienced and wishes to convey. |
±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÌ ³»¿ë¿¡¼ ºó°ïÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
¹Ý´ë·Î, ¹«ÇÑÈ÷ dzºÎÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¤¸» ¶È°°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ Çü½ÄÀº ¿À´Ã³¯ ¿¹¼úÀÇ Çü½Äº¸´Ù °áÄÚ ¿µîÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ºñ±³ÇÒ ¼ö
¾øÀÌ ¿ì¿ùÇÒ — ¼¼·ÃµÈ ±×¸®°í º¹ÀâÇÑ ±â¼úÀÇ Àǹ̿¡¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿¹¼ú°¡°¡ °æÇèÇÑ ±×¸®°í Àü´ÞÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ´À³¦À», ±º´õ´õ±â ¾øÀÌ, °£´ÜÇϰí
´Ü¼øÇÏ¸ç ¸í·áÇÏ°Ô Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ±â¼úÀÇ Àǹ̿¡¼ ¿ì¿ùÇÒ — °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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I remember once talking with a famous astronomer who gave public lectures on the spectral analysis of the stars of the Milky Way, and telling him what a good thing it would be if he, with his knowledge and skill, would give a public lecture in cosmography, touching only on the most familiar movements of the earth, because among the listeners to his lectures on the spectral analysis of the stars in the Milky Way there were certainly many people, especially women, who did not quite know why there are day and night, winter and summer. The wise astronomer replied with a smile: ¡®Yes, that would be a very good thing, but it is very difficult. To lecture on the spectral analysis of the Milky Way is much easier.¡¯ |
³ª´Â ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÀºÇϼöÀÇ º°µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ºÆåÆ®·³ ºÐ¼®¿¡ °üÇÑ ´ëÁß °¿¬À»
ÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² À¯¸íÇÑ Ãµ¹®ÇÐÀÚ¿Í ´ë´ãÇÑ °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇϸç, ³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô , ±×ÀÇ Áö½Ä°ú ±â¼ú·Î¼, °¡Àå Ä£¼÷ÇÑ Áö±¸ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» ´Ù·ç´Â, ¿ìÁַп¡
´ëÇÑ ´ëÇÑ ´ëÁß °¿¬À» ÇÏ¸é ¾ó¸¶³ª ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀ̰ڴ°¡¸¦ ¸»Çߴµ¥, ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀºÇϼöÀÇ º°µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ºÆåÆ®·³ ºÐ¼®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×ÀÇ °¿¬ÀÇ Ã»Áßµé
»çÀÌ¿¡´Â ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé, Ưº°È÷ ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±×µéÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ³·°ú ¹ã, °Ü¿ï°ú ¿©¸§ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾ÆÁÖ ¸ð¸£±â ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ±×
Çö¸íÇÑ Ãµ¹®ÇÐÀÚ´Â ¿ôÀ¸¸é¼ ´ë´äÇß´Ù: '¿¹, ±×°ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì À¯ÀÍÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù, ±×·¸Áö¸¸ ±×°ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀºÇϼöÀÇ º°µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ºÆåÆ®·³
ºÐ¼®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¿¬ÀÌ ÈξÀ ½±½À´Ï´Ù.' |
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It is the same in art: to write a long poem about the time of Cleopatra, or paint a picture of Nero burning Rome, or compose a symphony in the spirit of Brahms or Richard Strauss, or an opera in the spirit of Wagner, is much easier than to tell a simple story without any superfluities, and at the same time in such a way that it conveys the narrator¡¯s feelings, or to pencil a drawing that would touch the beholder or make him laugh, or to write four measures of a simple clear melody that would convey a mood and be remembered by its hearers. |
±×°ÍÀº ¿¹¼ú¿¡¼µµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö´Ù: Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó ½Ã´ë¿¡ °üÇÑ Àå¹®ÀÇ ½Ã¸¦
¾²°Å³ª, ȤÀº ³×·Î°¡ ·Î¸¶¸¦ ºÒÅ¿ì´Â °ÍÀ» ±×¸®°Å³ª, ȤÀº ºê¶÷½º ¶Ç´Â ¸®Â÷µå ½´Æ®¶ó¿ì½º dzÀ¸·Î ±³Çâ°îÀ», ȤÀº ¹Ù±×³Ê dzÀ¸·Î ¿ÀÆä¶ó¸¦
ÀÛ°îÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ, ±º´õ´õ±â ¾øÀÌ, ±×¸®°í µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÈÀÚÀÇ ´À³¦µéÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ´Ü¼øÇÑ À̾߱⸦ ¸»ÇÏ´Â °Í, ȤÀº º¸´Â »ç¶÷À» °¨µ¿½ÃŰ°Å³ª
±×¸¦ ¿ô°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ±×¸²À» ±×¸®´Â °Í, ȤÀº ±âºÐÀ» Àü´ÞÇϰųª ûÃëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ±â¾ïµÇ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ´Ü¼ø ¸í·áÇÑ ¼±À²À» ³× ¹ÚÀÚ·Î ±â·ÏÇÏ´Â °Í º¸´Ù ÈξÀ
½±´Ù. |
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¡®It is impossible for us now, with our development, to return to primitive ways,¡¯ say the artists of our time. ¡®It is impossible for us to write such stories as the story of Joseph the Dreamer or the Odyssey, to make such statues as the Venus de Milo, to write such music as folk songs.¡¯ |
'¿ì¸®´Â ¹ßÀüÇÏ¿´À¸¹Ç·Î, ÀÌÁ¦ ¿ø½ÃÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýµé·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌÁ¦
ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù,'°í ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀº ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. '¿ì¸®´Â ¸ù»ó°¡ Á¶¼ÁÀÇ À̾߱â ȤÀº ¿Àµð¼¼ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº À̾߱⸦ ¾²´Â °Í, ¹Ð·ÎÀÇ ºñ³Ê½º¿Í °°Àº
Á¶°¢»óÀ» ¸¸µå´Â °Í, ¹Î¿äµé °°Àº À½¾ÇÀ» ÀÛ°îÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.' |
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And indeed it is impossible for the artists of our time, but not for the artist of the future, who will not know all the depravity of technical improvements concealing the absence of content, and who, not being a professional artist and getting no remuneration for his activity, will produce art only when he feels an irrepressible inner need. |
±×¸®°í »ç½Ç ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¿¹¼ú°¡µé¿¡°Ô´Â ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏÁö¸¸, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ
¿¹¼ú°¡¿¡°Ô´Â ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ±×´Â ³»¿ëÀÇ °á¿©¸¦ °¨Ãß·Á´Â ±â¼úÀû °³¼±µé °°Àº ¸ðµç Ÿ¶ôÀ» ¸ð¸¦ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×´Â, Á÷¾÷Àû ¿¹¼ú°¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç
±×ÀÇ È°µ¿¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Æ¹«·± º¸¼ö¸¦ ¾òÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̱⿡, ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×°¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ³»ÀûÀÎ Çʿ並 ´À³¥ ¶§ ¿¹¼úÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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Thus the art of the future will be completely different from what is now considered art, both in content and in form. The content of the art of the future will be only those feelings that draw people towards union or already unite them; as for the form of this art, it will be accessible to everyone. And therefore the ideal of perfection in the future will be, not the exclusiveness of a feeling accessible only to some, but, on the contrary, its universality. And in form it will be, not cumbersomeness, obscurity and complexity, as it is now considered, but, on the contrary, brevity, clarity and simplicity of expression. And only when art becomes like that will it cease to distract and corrupt people, as it does now, calling for the expenditure of their best forces, and become what it should be — a means of transferring Christian religious consciousness from the realm of mind and reason to the realm of feeling, thereby bringing people closer, in practice, in life itself, to the perfection and unity indicated to them by religious consciousness. |
±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀº, ³»¿ë ¹× Çü½Ä¿¡¼ °øÈ÷, Áö±Ý ¿¹¼ú·Î
¿©°ÜÁö´Â °Í°ú ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ´Ù¸¦ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¿¬ÇÕÀ» ÇâÇØ ²ø¾î ´ç±â´Â ȤÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ±×µéÀ» °áÇÕÇÏ´Â ±×·± ´À³¦µéÀÏ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù; ÀÌ·± ¿¹¼úÀÇ Çü½Ä¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â, ±×°ÍÀº ¸ðµé »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¿·Á ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿Ïº®ÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀº, ¿À·ÎÁö ¾à°£¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¿·Á ÀÖ´Â
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[Home]
[Up]
[Contents]
[Preface]
[Bibliographical Note]
[A Note on the Text]
[WHAT IS ART?]
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
[CONCLUSION]
[Appendix I]
[Appendix II]
[Notes]
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