| Golden Rule,
precept in the Gospel of Matthew (7:12):
"In everything, do to others
what you would have them do to you. . . ."
This rule of conduct is a
summary of the Christian's duty to his neighbour and states a fundamental
ethical principle. In its negative form, "Do not do to others what you
would not like done to yourselves," it occurs in the 2nd-century
documents Didache and the Apology of Aristides and may well
have formed part of an early catechism. It recalls the command to "love
the stranger (sojourner)" as found in Deuteronomy. It is not, however,
peculiar to Christianity. Its negative form is to be found in Tob. 4:15, in
the writings of the two great Jewish scholars Hillel (1st century BC) and
Philo of Alexandria (1st centuries BC and AD), and in the Analects of
Confucius (6th and 5th centuries BC). It also appears in one form or another
in the writings of Plato, Aristotle, Isocrates, and Seneca.
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