Doctrines and Dogmas

교리와 교의

• 1 INTRODUCTION
  

• 2 GENERAL NATURE OF DOCTRINE AND DOGMA
  

  • 2.1 DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN DOCTRINE AND DOGMA
  • 2.2 FUNCTIONS OF DOCTRINES AND DOGMAS
  • 2.3 DEVELOPMENT
  • 2.4 THE RELATION OF FAITH, REASON, AND RELIGIOUS INSIGHT TO DOCTRINE AND DOGMA
  • 2.5 CHANGING CONCEPTIONS

  　

   3 MAJOR THEMES AND MOTIFS

• 3.1 Creation
  • 3.1.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.1.2 TYPES OF COSMOGONIC MYTHS
    • 3.1.2.1 Creation by a supreme being.
    • 3.1.2.2 Creation through emergence.
    • 3.1.2.3 Creation by world parents.
    • 3.1.2.4 Creation from the cosmic egg.
    • 3.1.2.5 Creation by earth divers.
  • 3.1.3 DOCTRINES OF CREATION
    • 3.1.3.1 Basic mythical themes.
      • 3.1.3.1.1 Primordiality.
      • 3.1.3.1.2 Dualisms and antagonisms.
      • 3.1.3.1.3 Creation and sacrifice.
    • 3.1.3.2 Theological and philosophical doctrines.
      • 3.1.3.2.1 Transcendence and otherness.
      • 3.1.3.2.2 Creation through emanations.
      • 3.1.3.2.3 Dualisms.
  • 3.1.4 SKEPTICISM REGARDING CREATION
    • 3.1.4.1 The unknowability of creation.
    • 3.1.4.2 Hartshorne and Reese.
• 3.2 Eschatology
  • 3.2.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.2.2 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
    • 3.2.2.1 The theme of origins and last things.
  • 3.2.3 THE FORMS OF ESCHATOLOGY
    • 3.2.3.1 Messianism.
    • 3.2.3.2 Apocalypticism.
    • 3.2.3.3 Millennialism.
  • 3.2.4 ESCHATOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY
  • 3.2.5 ESCHATOLOGY IN NON-WESTERN RELIGIONS
    • 3.2.5.1 Nonliterate cultures and nativistic movements.
    • 3.2.5.2 Religions of the East.
    • 3.2.5.3 Religions of ancient civilizations.
  • 3.2.6 ESCHATOLOGY IN RELIGIONS OF THE WEST
    • 3.2.6.1 Islam and Zoroastrianism.
    • 3.2.6.2 Judaism.
      • 3.2.6.2.1 In ancient times.
      • 3.2.6.2.2 In Hellenistic Judaism.
      • 3.2.6.2.3 In medieval and modern Judaism.
    • 3.2.6.3 Christianity.
      • 3.2.6.3.1 In the New Testament period.
      • 3.2.6.3.2 In the early church.
    • 3.2.6.4 Post-Biblical Christianity.
      • 3.2.6.4.1 The views of Augustine.
      • 3.2.6.4.2 Medieval and Reformation millennialism.
      • 3.2.6.4.3 Early progressive millennialism.
      • 3.2.6.4.4 Later progressive millennialism.
  • 3.2.7 ESCHATOLOGY IN MODERN TIMES
    • 3.2.7.1 Influences on modern ideologies.
    • 3.2.7.2 Renewed interest in eschatology.
• 3.3 Angels and demons
  • 3.3.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
    • 3.3.1.1 Angels.
    • 3.3.1.2 Demons.
  • 3.3.2 CELESTIAL AND NONCELESTIAL FORMS: RELATIONSHIPS OF BELIEFS IN ANGELS AND DEMONS TO VIEWS OF THE COSMOS
    • 3.3.2.1 Relationship to views of a tripartite cosmos.
    • 3.3.2.2 Relationship to views of a dualistic cosmos.
    • 3.3.2.3 Relationship to views of a monistic cosmos.
    • 3.3.2.4 Belief in demons as common to all religious or mythological views about the cosmos.
  • 3.3.3 TYPES OF ANGELS AND DEMONS
    • 3.3.3.1 Benevolent beings.
    • 3.3.3.2 Malevolent beings.
    • 3.3.3.3 Ambivalent or neutral beings.
  • 3.3.4 VARIETIES OF ANGELS AND DEMONS IN THE RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD
    • 3.3.4.1 In Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
    • 3.3.4.2 In the religions of the East.
    • 3.3.4.3 In nonliterate religions.
    • 3.3.4.4 Conclusion.
• 3.4 Salvation
  • 3.4.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
    • 3.4.1.1 Objects and goals.
    • 3.4.1.2 Means.
  • 3.4.2 BASIC CONTEXT
    • 3.4.2.1 The cosmic situation.
      • 3.4.2.1.1 Time.
      • 3.4.2.1.2 Nature.
    • 3.4.2.2 Man's responsibility.
  • 3.4.3 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
    • 3.4.3.1 Ritual.
    • 3.4.3.2 Knowledge.
    • 3.4.3.3 Devotion and service.
  • 3.4.4 VARIETIES OF SALVATION IN WORLD RELIGIONS
    • 3.4.4.1 Ancient Egypt.
    • 3.4.4.2 Hinduism.
    • 3.4.4.3 Buddhism.
    • 3.4.4.4 Judaism.
    • 3.4.4.5 Christianity.
    • 3.4.4.6 Islam.
    • 3.4.4.7 Zoroastrianism and Parsiism.
• 3.5 Providence
  • 3.5.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
    • 3.5.1.1 Basic forms of Providence.
    • 3.5.1.2 Etymological history of the term Providence.
  • 3.5.2 BASIC CONCEPTS AND SCOPE
    • 3.5.2.1 Qualities of the divinity.
    • 3.5.2.2 Cosmic order.
      • 3.5.2.2.1 Notion of cosmic order.
      • 3.5.2.2.2 Personal and impersonal forms.
    • 3.5.2.3 Particular objects of Providence.
  • 3.5.3 CRITICAL PROBLEMS
• 3.6 Revelation
  • 3.6.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.6.2 TYPES AND VARIATIONS
    • 3.6.2.1 Religions of nonliterate cultures.
    • 3.6.2.2 Religions of the East.
      • 3.6.2.2.1 Hinduism.
      • 3.6.2.2.2 Buddhism.
      • 3.6.2.2.3 Chinese religions.
    • 3.6.2.3 Religions of the West.
      • 3.6.2.3.1 Judaism.
      • 3.6.2.3.2 Christianity.
      • 3.6.2.3.3 Islam.
      • 3.6.2.3.4 Zoroastrianism.
  • 3.6.3 THEMES AND FUNCTIONS
    • 3.6.3.1 General revelation: the role of nature.
    • 3.6.3.2 Special revelation: the role of history.
    • 3.6.3.3 Revelation and sacred scriptures.
    • 3.6.3.4 Revelation and tradition.
    • 3.6.3.5 Revelation and experience.
    • 3.6.3.6 Revelatory relationships.
    • 3.6.3.7 Revelation and reason.
  • 3.6.4 CONCLUSION
• 3.7 Covenant
  • 3.7.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.7.2 ORIGIN AND FUNCTION OF COVENANTS
    • 3.7.2.1 Origins.
    • 3.7.2.2 Late Bronze Age developments.
  • 3.7.3 THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BIBLICAL COVENANTS: JUDAISM
    • 3.7.3.1 The Sinai covenant.
      • 3.7.3.1.1 Historical background.
      • 3.7.3.1.2 The covenant at Sinai.
    • 3.7.3.2 Post-Sinai covenants.
    • 3.7.3.3 The covenants of the Israelite monarchy (1020-587/586 BC).
    • 3.7.3.4 The post-Exilic covenant tradition.
  • 3.7.4 THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COVENANT IN CHRISTIANITY
    • 3.7.4.1 The New Testament tradition of the covenant.
    • 3.7.4.2 The post-apostolic church.
  • 3.7.5 COVENANT IN OTHER RELIGIONS
    • 3.7.5.1 Islam.
    • 3.7.5.2 Other religions.
• 3.8 Prophecy
  • 3.8.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.8.2 TYPES OF PROPHECY
  • 3.8.3 PROPHECY IN THE ANCIENT MIDDLE EAST AND ISRAEL
    • 3.8.3.1 The ancient Middle East.
    • 3.8.3.2 Origins and development of Hebrew prophecy.
    • 3.8.3.3 Prophecy and apocalyptic literature.
    • 3.8.3.4 Prophecy and prophetic religion in postbiblical Judaism.
  • 3.8.4 PROPHECY IN CHRISTIANITY
    • 3.8.4.1 Divination and prophecy in the Hellenistic world.
    • 3.8.4.2 New Testament and early Christianity.
    • 3.8.4.3 Prophetic and millenarian movements in later Christianity.
  • 3.8.5 PROPHECY IN ISLAM
    • 3.8.5.1 The centrality of prophecy in Islam.
    • 3.8.5.2 The Qur`anic doctrines of prophecy.
    • 3.8.5.3 Later theological and philosophical doctrines.
    • 3.8.5.4 Prophetic figures after Muhammad.
  • 3.8.6 PROPHECY IN OTHER RELIGIONS
    • 3.8.6.1 Prophetic movements and figures in the Eastern religions.
    • 3.8.6.2 Prophetic movements and figures in the religions of nonliterate cultures.
• 3.9 Miracle
  • 3.9.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.9.2 TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MIRACLES
    • 3.9.2.1 Revelation and signification.
    • 3.9.2.2 Authentication.
  • 3.9.3 SOURCES OF MIRACLES
    • 3.9.3.1 Spiritual sources.
    • 3.9.3.2 Human and inanimate sources.
      • 3.9.3.2.1 Founders of religions.
      • 3.9.3.2.2 Holy persons.
      • 3.9.3.2.3 Sacred objects.
      • 3.9.3.2.4 Sacred places.
  • 3.9.4 MIRACLES IN THE RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD
    • 3.9.4.1 Religions of the East.
      • 3.9.4.1.1 Religions of India.
      • 3.9.4.1.2 Religions of China.
    • 3.9.4.2 Religions of the West.
      • 3.9.4.2.1 Judaism.
      • 3.9.4.2.2 Christianity.
      • 3.9.4.2.3 Islam.
  • 3.9.5 INTERPRETATION OF MIRACLES
    • 3.9.5.1 In classical antiquity.
    • 3.9.5.2 In the 18th and early 19th centuries.
    • 3.9.5.3 In the late 19th and 20th centuries.
• 3.10 Saint
  • 3.10.1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 3.10.2 SAINTS IN EASTERN RELIGIONS
    • 3.10.2.1 Confucianism and Taoism.
    • 3.10.2.2 Shinto.
    • 3.10.2.3 Buddhism.
    • 3.10.2.4 Jainism.
    • 3.10.2.5 Hinduism.
  • 3.10.3 SAINTS IN WESTERN RELIGIONS
    • 3.10.3.1 Ancient Greek religion.
    • 3.10.3.2 Zoroastrianism and Parsiism.
    • 3.10.3.3 Judaism.
    • 3.10.3.4 Christianity.
    • 3.10.3.5 Islam.
  • 3.10.4 MODES OF RECOGNITION
    • 3.10.4.1 The bases of recognition.
    • 3.10.4.2 Popular recognition.
    • 3.10.4.3 Theological interpretations of popular recognition.
    • 3.10.4.4 Forms of cults.
  • 3.10.5 TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SAINTS
    • 3.10.5.1 Saints as moral examples.
    • 3.10.5.2 Saints as prophets and reformers.

    • 3.10.5.3 Theological teachers as saints.
      

• 4 Bibliography

  • 4.1 General.
  • 4.2 Creation.
  • 4.3 The development and structure of Greek myths:
  • 4.4 Christian doctrine:
  • 4.5 Islam:
  • 4.6 Zoroastrianism:
  • 4.7 Chinese philosophy:
  • 4.8 Indian philosophy:
  • 4.9 Comparative works:
  • 4.10 Eschatology.
  • 4.11 Biblical:
  • 4.12 Theological and philosophical:
  • 4.13 Angels and demons.
  • 4.14 Salvation.
  • 4.15 Providence.
  • 4.16 Revelation.
  • 4.17 Primitive religion:
  • 4.18 Christianity:
  • 4.19 Islam:
  • 4.20 Hinduism:
  • 4.21 Buddhism:
  • 4.22 Judaism:
  • 4.23 Covenant.
  • 4.24 Prophecy.
  • 4.25 Prophecy in the ancient Middle East and Israel:
  • 4.26 Prophecy in Christianity:
  • 4.27 Prophecy in Islam:
  • 4.28 Prophetic movements and figures in Eastern and primitive religions:
  • 4.29 Miracle.
  • 4.30 Saint.

1 INTRODUCTION

The development of doctrines and dogmas--i.e., the explications and officially acceptable versions of religious teachings--has significantly affected the traditions, institutions, and practices of the religions of the world. Doctrines and dogmas also have influenced and been influenced by the ongoing development of secular history, science, and philosophy.