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¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º
¿Í Çì¶óŬ·¹½º
(ACHELOUS and HERCULES) |

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BULFINCH'S MYTHOLOGY
THE AGE OF FABLE
OR STORIES OF GODS AND HEROES
by Thomas Bulfinch
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CHAPTER XXIII
ACHELOUS AND HERCULES
ADMETUS AND ALCESTIS
ANTIGONE
PENELOPE
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23 Àå
¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º¿Í Çì¶óŬ·¹½º
¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺¿Í ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º
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Æä³Ú·ÎÆä
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ACHELOUS AND HERCULES
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¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º¿Í Çì¶óŬ·¹½º
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THE river-god Achelous
told the story of Erisichthon
to Theseus and his companions,
whom he was entertaining at his hospitable board, while
they were delayed on their journey by the overflow of his
waters. Having finished his story, he added, "But why
should I tell of other persons' transformations when I
myself am an instance of the possession of this power?
Sometimes I become a serpent, and sometimes a bull, with
horns on my head. Or I should say I once could do so; but
now I have but one horn, having lost one." And here
he groaned and was silent. [image:16K]
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ÇϽÅ(ÇϽÅ) ¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º´Â Å×¼¼¿ì½º¿Í ±×ÀÇ Ä£±¸µé¿¡°Ô ¿¡¸®½ÄÅæÀÇ À̾߱⸦ µé·Á ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¿©Çà Áß¿¡ ¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º°¡ Áö¹èÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ¹°ÀÌ ¹ü¶÷ÇÏ¿© ÁöüÇϰí ÀÖÀ» µ¿¾È¿¡ ±×ÀÇ È¯´ë¸¦ ¹Þ°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̾߱⸦ ³¡³»¸é¼ ¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ºÎ¾ðÇß´Ù.
"³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ º¯½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÈûÀ» °¡Áö°í Àִµ¥, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ º¯½ÅÇÑ À̾߱⸦ ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ¶§·Î´Â ¹ìÀÌ µÇ°í, ¶§·Î´Â ¸Ó¸®¿¡ µÎ °³ÀÇ »ÔÀÌ µ¸Ä£ Ȳ¼Ò°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ´Ï, °ú°Å¿¡´Â ±×·¨¾ú´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿Ç°ÚÁö¿ä. Áö±ÝÀº »ÔÀ» Çϳª´Â ÀÒ°í Çϳª¸¸ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù."
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ°í ±×´Â ½ÅÀ½Çϸç, ħ¹¬Çß´Ù.
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Theseus asked him the cause of his grief, and how he
lost his horn. To which question the river-god replied as
follows: "Who likes to tell of his defeats? Yet I
will not hesitate to relate mine, comforting myself with
the thought of the greatness of my conqueror, for it was Hercules.
Perhaps you have heard of the fame of Dejanira, the
fairest of maidens, whom a host of suitors strove to win.
Hercules and myself were of the number, and the rest
yielded to us two. He urged in his behalf his descent from
Jove (Zeus)
and his labours by which he had exceeded the exactions of
Juno (Hera),
his stepmother.
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Å×¼¼¿ì½º´Â ¿Ö ±×·¸°Ô ½½ÆÛÇϴ°¡, ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¼ »Ô Çϳª¸¦ ÀÒ°Ô µÇ¾ú´À³Ä°í ¹°¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¹°À½¿¡ ÇϽÅÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ´ë´äÇß´Ù.
"´©°¡ ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÆÐ¹è¸¦ ¸»Çϱâ ÁÁ¾ÆÇϰڽÀ´Ï±î? ±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ³ªÀÇ ÆÐ¹è¸¦ ¸»Çϱ⸦ ÁÖÀúÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
½Â¸®ÀÚ°¡ À§´ëÇ߱⠶§¹®À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¿© ÀÚÀ§ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×´Â Çì¶óŬ·¹½º¿´À¸´Ï±î¿ä. ¾Æ¸¶ ´ç½Åµµ ¹ÌÀÎÀ¸·Î À̸§³ ó³à µ¥À̾Ƴ×À̶óÀÇ ¸í¼ºÀ» µé¾úÀ» °Ì´Ï´Ù. ±×³à¿¡°Ô´Â ±¸È¥ÀÚ°¡ ¿îÁýÇÏ¿© ¼·Î °æÀïÇߴµ¥, Çì¶óŬ·¹½º¿Í ³ª Àڽŵµ ±× °¡¿îµ¥ ³¢¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿ì¸® µÎ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¾çº¸Çß½À´Ï´Ù. Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â ÀڱⰡ Á¦¿ì½ºÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ̶ó´Â Á¡°ú °è¸ð Çì¶ó°¡ ºÎ°úÇÑ ¾î·Á¿î ÀϵéÀ» ¿Ï¼öÇÑ °í»ý´ãÀ» ±×³à¿¡°Ô µé·ÁÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
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I, on the other hand, said to the father
of the maiden, 'Behold me, the king of the waters that
flow through your land. I am no stranger from a foreign
shore, but belong to the country, a part of your realm.
Let it not stand in my way that royal Juno owes me no
enmity nor punishes me with heavy tasks. As for this man,
who boasts himself the son of Jove, it is either a false
pretence, or disgraceful to him if true, for it cannot be
true except by his mother's shame.' As I said this
Hercules scowled upon me, and with difficulty restrained
his rage. 'My hand will answer better than my tongue,'
said he. 'I yield to you the victory in words, but trust
my cause to the strife of deeds.' With that he advanced
towards me, and I was ashamed, after what I had said, to
yield. I threw off my green vesture and presented myself
for the struggle. He tried to throw me, now attacking my
head, now my body. My bulk was my protection, and he
assailed me in vain. For a time we stopped, then returned
to the conflict. We each kept our position, determined not
to yield, foot to foot, I bending over him, clenching his
hand in mine, with my forehead almost touching his. Thrice
Hercules tried to throw me off, and the fourth time he
succeeded, brought me to the ground, and himself upon my
back. I tell you the truth, it was as if a mountain had
fallen on me. I struggled to get my arms at liberty,
panting and reeking with perspiration. He gave me no
chance to recover, but seized my throat. My knees were on
the earth and my mouth in the dust.
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³ª´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ó³àÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö¿¡°Ô ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. "´ç½ÅÀÇ ±¹Å並 °ü·ù(°ü·ù)Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ÇÏõÀÇ ¿ÕÀÎ ³ª¸¦ º¸½Ã¿À. ³ª´Â À̹æÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¿µÅä ¾ÈÀÇ »ç¶÷ÀÌ¿À. ¿©¿Õ Çì¶ó°¡ ³ª¿¡°Õ ÀûÀǸ¦ ǰÁö ¾Ê°í ¾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀ» ½ÃÄÑ ¹úÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù ÇÏ¿© ±×°ÍÀÌ ³» ´ÜÁ¡À̶ó°í´Â »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¸¶½Ã¿À. ÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº ÀڱⰡ Á¦¿ì½ºÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» »Ë³»Áö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀº À߸øµÈ ÁÖÀåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȤÀº ¸¸ÀÏ ±×°ÍÀÌ Á¤¸»À̶ó¸é ÀÌ »ç³»¿¡°Ô À־ ºÒ¸í¿¹½º·¯¿î ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×°ÍÀº Àڱ⠾î¸Ó´ÏÀÇ Çà½ÇÀÌ ÁÁÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Æø·ÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̴ϱî¿ä." ³»°¡ ÀÌ ¸»À» ÇßÀ» ¶§ Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â ³ª¸¦ ³ë·Áº¸°í, ºÐ³ë¸¦ Âü´À¶ó°í ¾Ö¾²´Â ¸ð¾çÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. "³» ¼ÕÀÌ ÀÔ¼úº¸´Ù ´õ Àß ´ë´äÇÒ°Å´Ù. ¸»·Î´Â ³ÊÇÑÅ× Áø´Ù¸¸, ¿Ï·Â¿¡ È£¼ÒÇÏ¿© °áÆÇÀ» ³»ÀÚ." ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ¸é¼ ±×´Â ³»°Ô·Î ´Ù°¡¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¿¡°Ô ¿å¼³À» ÇÑ ÀÌ»ó ¹°·¯¼´Â °ÍÀº ºÎ²ô·¯¿î ÀÏÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ³ì»ö ¿ÊÀ» ¹þ°í ½Î¿ï äºñ¸¦ Â÷·È½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¸¦ ³»´øÁö·Á°í Çß°í ¶§·Î´Â ³ªÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¿¡ °ø°ÝÀ» °¡ÇßÀ¸¸ç ¶§·Î´Â ¸ö¶×ÀÌ¿¡´Ù ¼ÕÀ» ´ò½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ¸öÁýÀÌ Å« ´öÀ¸·Î ±×°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® °ø°ÝÀ» °¡ÇØ ¿Íµµ ¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â Àá½Ã µ¿¾È ½¬¾ú´Ù°¡´Â ´Ù½Ã ¶Ç ½Î¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¼·Î ¹öƼ¸ç ÇÑ ¹ßÀÚ±¹µµ ¹°·¯¼Áö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á°í Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×ÀÇ ¸ö À§¿¡ µ¤ÃÄ ±×ÀÇ ¼ÕÀ» ²Ë Àâ°í ³ªÀÇ À̸¶·Î ±×ÀÇ ¹ÞÀ¸·Á°í ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â ¼¼ ¹øÀ̳ª ³ª¸¦ ¹ÐÃij»·Á°í Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³»¹øÂ°¿¡ ¼º°øÇÏ¿© ³ª¸¦ ¶¥ À§¿¡ ³Ñ¾î¶ß¸®°í ³» µî À§¿¡ ¿Ã¶óÅÀ½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ »êÀÌ ³»¸®µ¤Ä£ °Í °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â Çæ¶±°Å¸®¸ç ¶¡À» È긮¸é¼ ÆÈÀ» »©³»·Á°í ¾Ö½è½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ¸¸È¸ÇÒ ±âȸ¸¦ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í ¸ñÀ» ´·¶½À´Ï´Ù. ³ªÀÇ ¹«¸Àº ¶¥ À§¿¡ ´ê°í ÀÔÀº Èë ¼Ó¿¡ ¹¯Çû½À´Ï´Ù.
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"Finding that I was no match for him in the
warrior's art, I resorted to others and glided away in the
form of a serpent. I curled my body in a coil and hissed
at him with my forked tongue. He smiled scornfully at
this, and said, 'It was the labour of my infancy to
conquer snakes.' So saying he clasped my neck with his
hands. I was almost choked, and struggled to get my neck
out of his grasp. Vanquished in this form, I tried what
alone remained to me and assumed the form of a bull. He
grasped my neck with his arm, and dragging my head down to
the ground, overthrew me on the sand. Nor was this enough.
His ruthless hand rent my horn from my head. The Naiads
took it, consecrated it, and filled it with fragrant
flowers. Plenty (Roman
goddess, Abundantia) adopted my horn and made it her
own, and called it 'Cornucopia.'"
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³ª´Â ÈûÀ¸·Î´Â µµÀúÈ÷ ±×ÀÇ Àû¼ö°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇÔÀ» ±ú´Ý°í ¹ìÀ¸·Î º¯½ÅÇÏ¿© ºüÁ®³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ¸öÀ» ¶Ô¶Ô ¸»°í °¥¶óÁø Çô·Î ±×¸¦ ÇâÇÏ¿© ½´¿ô! ÇÏ°í ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³Â½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â À̰ÍÀ» º¸°í ºñ¿ôÀ¸¸ç ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. "¹ì ÅðÄ¡ µûÀ§´Â ¾î¸± Àû¿¡ ÇØÄ¡¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù." ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ¸é¼ ±×´Â ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ³» ¸ñÀ» ²À Àâ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â °ÅÀÇ Áú½ÄÇÒ °Í °°¾Æ ³ªÀÇ ¸ñÀ» ±×ÀÇ ¼Õ¾Æ±Í¿¡ »©³»·Á°í ¸öºÎ¸²ÃƽÀ´Ï´Ù. ¹ìÀÇ ÇüÅ·εµ Áø ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¼ö´ÜÀ» ½á¼ Ȳ¼Ò·Î º¯½ÅÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ³ªÀÇ ¸ñÀ» ÆÈ·Î °¨°í ³ªÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ¶¥¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ÁúÁú ²ø´Ù°¡ ¸ð·¡Åé À§¿¡ ³»´øÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. À̰͸¸À¸·Î ¸¸Á·ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±×ÀÇ ¹«ÀÚºñÇÑ ¼ÕÀº ³ªÀÇ »ÔÀ» Çϳª »Ì¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ´ÔÆä ³ªÀ̾ƽºµéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ¼Õ¿¡ Áã°í ¼ºÈ(¼ºÈ)½ÃÄÑ ±× ¼ÓÀ» Çâ±â·Î¿î ²ÉÀ¸·Î ä¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. <dz¿ä>ÀÇ ¿©½ÅÀÌ ³ªÀÇ »ÔÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ÀÚ±âÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î Çϰí, <ÄÚ¸£´© ÄÚÇǾÆÀÌ>¶ó°í ºÒ·¶½À´Ï´Ù."
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The ancients were fond of finding a hidden meaning in
their mythological tales. They explain this fight of
Achelous with Hercules by saying Achelous was a river that
in seasons of rain overflowed its banks. When the fable
says that Achelous loved Dejanira, and sought a union with
her, the meaning is that the river in its windings flowed
through part of Dejanira's kingdom. It was said to take
the form of a snake because of its winding, and of a bull
because it made a brawling or roaring in its course. When
the river swelled, it made itself another channel. |
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¿¾³¯ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ½ÅÈ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¼ûÀº ¶æÀ» ¹ß°ßÇϱ⸦ Áñ°å´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾ÆÄÌ·¹¿À½º¿Í Çì¶óŬ·¹½ºÀÇ ÀÌ ½Î¿òÀ», ¾ÆÄÌ¿À½ºÀÇ ¿ì±â(¿ì±â)¿¡ Á¦¹æÀ» ³Ñ¾î ¹ü¶÷ÇÑ ÇÏõÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÄ̷οÀ½º°¡ µ¥À̾Ƴ×ÀÌ¶ó¸¦ »ç¶ûÇÏ°í ±¸È¥Çß´Ù´Â À̾߱â´Â, ±× ÇÏõÀÌ µ¥À̾Ƴ×À̶óÀÇ ¿Õ±¹À» ±¼°îÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç °ü·ùÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹ìÀÇ ÇüŰ¡ µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¿ä¶õÇÑ ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³»¸é¼ È帣±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹ü¶÷ÇßÀ» ¶§´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¼ö·Î¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. |
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Thus
its head was horned. Hercules prevented the return of
these periodical overflows by embankments and canals; and
therefore he was said to have vanquished the river-god and
cut off his horn. Finally, the lands formerly subject to
overflow, but now redeemed, became very fertile, and this
is meant by the horn of plenty.
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¸Ó¸®¿¡ »ÔÀÌ ´Þ·È´Ù´Â °ÍÀº À̸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â Á¦¹æÀ» ½×°í ¿îÇϸ¦ ÆÄ¼ ÀÌ ÁÖ±âÀûÀÎ ¹ü¶÷À» ¸·¾Ò´Ù. ±×°¡ ÇϽÅÀ» Á¤º¹ÇÏ°í ±×ÀÇ »ÔÀ» Çϳª º£¾î ¹ö·È´Ù´Â À̾߱â´Â À̸¦ ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ³¡À¸·Î Àü¿¡´Â È«¼ö¿¡ ¹¯Çû´ø ÅäÁö°¡ º¹±¸µÇ¾î ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ºñ¿ÁÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. <dz¿äÀÇ »Ô>À̶õ À̸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù.
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There is another account of the origin of the
Cornucopia. Jupiter at his birth was committed by his
mother Rhea
to the care of the daughters of Melisseus, a Cretan king.
They fed the infant deity with the milk of the goat Amalthea.
Jupiter broke off one of the horns of the goat and gave it
to his nurses, and endowed it with the wonderful power of
becoming filled with whatever the possessor might wish.
[see The
Feeding of the Child Jupiter (1640) - painting by
Nicolas Poussin (1594 - 1665)]
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<ÄÚ¸£´© ÄÚÇǾÆÀÌ>ÀÇ ±â¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼± À̿ʹ ´Ù¸¥ ¼³¸íµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¦¿ì½º´Â ź»ýÇÏÀÚ, ±×ÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï ·¹¾Æ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Å©·¹Å¸ ¿Õ ¸á¸´¼¼¿ì½ºÀÇ µþµéÀÇ ¾çÀ°À» ¹Þµµ·Ï À§Å¹µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×³àµéÀº ¾î¸° ½ÅÀ» ¿°¼Ò ¾Æ¸»Å×À̾ÆÀÇ Á¥À¸·Î ¾çÀ°Çß´Ù. Á¦¿ì½º´Â ±× ¿°¼ÒÀÇ »ÔÀ» Çϳª ²ª¾î¼ ±×ÀÇ ¾çÀ°Àڵ鿡°Ô ÁÖ°í, ¹«¾ùÀÌµç ±× ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚ°¡ ¼Ò¸ÁÇÏ´Â ¹°°ÇÀ¸·Î Ãæ¸¸µÇ´Â ºÒ°¡»çÀÇÇÑ ÈûÀ» ±× »Ô¿¡ ºÎ¿©Çß´Ù.
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The name of Amalthea is also given by some writers to
the mother of Bacchus (Dionysus).
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¾Æ¸»Å×À̶ó´Â À̸§Àº ¶ÇÇÑ ¾î¶² ÀÛ°¡µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µð¿À´µ¼Ò½ºÀÇ ¸ðÄ£¿¡°Ôµµ ºÙ¿©Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
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It is thus used by Milton,
"Paradise Lost," Book
IV.:
"...That Nyseian isle,
Girt with the river Triton, where old Cham,
Whom Gentiles Ammon call, and Libyan Jove,
Hid Amalthea and her florid son,
Young Bacchus, from his stepdame Rhea's eye."
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¡¡
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ADMETUS AND ALCESTIS
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¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺¿Í ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º |
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AEsculapius,
the son of Apollo,
was endowed by his father with such skill in the healing
art that he even restored the dead to life. At this Pluto
(Hades)
took alarm, and prevailed on Jupiter to launch a
thunderbolt at AEsculapius. Apollo was indignant at the
destruction of his son, and wreaked his vengeance on the
innocent workmen who had made the thunderbolt. These were
the Cyclopses,
who have their workshop under Mount
AEtna, from which the smoke and flames of their
furnaces are constantly issuing. Apollo shot his arrows at
the Cyclopses, which so incensed Jupiter that he condemned
him as a punishment to become the servant of a mortal for
the space of one year. Accordingly Apollo went into the
service of Admetus,
king of Thessaly,
and pastured his flocks for him on the verdant banks of
the river Amphrysos. |
¾Æ½ºÅ¬·¹ÇÇ¿À½º´Â ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ̾ú´Âµ¥, ¾Æ¹öÁö·ÎºÎÅÍ Á×Àº »ç¶÷µµ »ì¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±³¹¦ÇÑ ÀǼúÀ» ºÎ¿©¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. À̸¦ º¸°í ȲõÀÇ ¿Õ Çϵ¥½º´Â ³î¶ó¼ Á¦¿ì½º¸¦ ¼³º¹ÇÏ¿© ¾Æ½ºÅ¬·¹ÇÇ¿À½º¿¡°Ô ³úÀü(³úÀü)À» ´øÁöµµ·Ï Çß´Ù. ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº ¾ÆµéÀÇ Á×À½¿¡ ºÐ°ÝÇÏ¿© ³úÀüÀ» ¸¸µç Á˾ø´Â Á÷°øµé¿¡°Ô º¹¼öÇß´Ù.
ÀÌ Á÷°øµéÀº ŰŬ·Ó½ºµé·Î¼, ±×µéÀÇ °øÀåÀÌ ¾ÆÀÌÆ®³ª »ê ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î ±× »êÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ¿ë±¤·ÎÀÇ ¿¬±â¿Í ºÒ²ÉÀÌ ¼Ú¾Æ¿À¸£°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº È»ìÀ» ŰŬ·Ó½ºµé¿¡°Ô ½î¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ Á¦¿ì½º´Â ¸÷½Ã ³ëÇÏ¿© ¾ÆÆú·Ð¿¡°Ô ¹úÀ» ³»·Á 2³â µ¿¾È Àΰ£ÀÇ ÇÏÀÎÀÌ µÇ°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº Åݻ츮¾ÆÀÇ ¿ÕÀÎ ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺ÀÇ ÇÏÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾î ¾ÏÇÁ¸®¼Ò½º °ÀÇ ÃÊ·ÏÀÇ Á¦¹æ À§¿¡¼ ±×ÀÇ ¾ç¶¼¸¦ µ¹º¸°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. |
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Admetus was a suitor, with others, for the hand of Alcestis,
the daughter of Pelias,
who promised her to him who should come for her in a
chariot drawn by lions and boars. This task Admetus
performed by the assistance of his divine herdsman, and
was made happy in the possession of Alcestis. But Admetus
fell ill, and being near to death, Apollo prevailed on the
Fates
to spare him on condition that some one would consent to
die in his stead. |
¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺´Â ´Ù¸¥ ±¸È¥ÀÚ¿¡ ¼¯¿©, Æç¸®¾Æ½ºÀÇ µþ ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º¸¦ ¾Æ³»·Î ¸ÂÀÌÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶ó°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÎ Æç¸®¾Æ½º´Â »çÀÚ¿Í »êµÅÁö°¡ ²ô´Â ÀÌ·ûÀüÂ÷¸¦ Ÿ°í µþÀ» µ¥¸®·¯ ¿À´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô µþÀ» ÁÖ¸¶°í ¾à¼ÓÇß´Ù. ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺´Â ÀÚ±âÀÇ ¾ç¶¼¸¦ µ¹º¸°í ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀÇ µµ¿òÀ¸·Î ¾î·ÆÁö ¾Ê°Ô ÀÌ ³Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ°í ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º¸¦ ¼Õ¿¡ ³Ö°í ÇູÇÏ°Ô Áö³»°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
±×·±µ¥ ¾î´À ¶§ ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺°¡ º´¿¡ °É·Á ºó»ç»óŰ¡ µÇÀÚ, ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº ¿î¸íÀÇ ½ÅÀ» ¼³µæÇÏ¿© µý »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´ë½Å Áױ⸦ ½Â³«ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ï ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺´Â »ç·Á ´Þ¶ó°í °£Ã»Çß´Ù. |
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Admetus, in his joy at this reprieve,
thought little of the ransom, and perhaps remembering the
declarations of attachment which he had often heard from
his courtiers and dependents fancied that it would be easy
to find a substitute. But it was not so. Brave warriors, who would willingly have perilled their
lives for their prince, shrunk from the thought of dying
for him on the bed of sickness; and old servants who had
experienced his bounty and that of his house from their
childhood up, were not willing to lay down the scanty
remnant of their days to show their gratitude. |
|
¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺´Â Á×À½ÀÇ À¯¿¹¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¼ ±â»Û ³ª¸ÓÁö Àڱ⠴ë½Å Á×¾î ÁÙ »ç¶÷¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼´Â ±íÀÌ »ý°¢Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â Àڱ⿡°Ô ¾ÆÃ·ÇÏ´Â ÀÚµéÀ̳ª ½ÅÇϵéÀÌ Ç×»ó ±×¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â Ãæ¼ºÀ» ´ÙÇϰڴٴ ¸»À» ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇØ ³»°í Àڱ⸦ ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© Á×À» ÀÚ¸¦ ±¸Çϱâ´Â ¿ëÀÌÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç½ÇÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ±ºÁÖ¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â ±â²¨ÀÌ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ¹ÙÄ¥ ¿ëÀǰ¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¿ë°¨ÇÑ º´»çµéµµ º´¼®¿¡ ´©¿î ±ºÁÖ ´ë½Å Á×´Â °ÍÀº ½È¾îÇß´Ù. ¾î·Á¼ºÎÅÍ ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺¿Í ±× Àϰ¡ÀÇ ÀºÇý¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ´ÄÀº ½ÅÇϵ鵵, ¾ó¸¶ ³²Áö ¾ÊÀº ¿©»ýÀ» º¸ÀºÇϱâ À§Çؼ ³»³õ±â¸¦ ²¨·È´Ù. |
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Men asked,
"Why does not one of his parents do it? They cannot
in the course of nature live much longer, and who can feel
like them the call to rescue the life they gave from an
untimely end?" But the parents, distressed though
they were at the thought of losing him, shrunk from the
call. Then Alcestis, with a generous self-devotion,
proffered herself as the substitute. Admetus, fond as he
was of life, would not have submitted to receive it at
such a cost; But there was no remedy. The condition
imposed by the Fates had been met, and the decree was
irrevocable. Alcestis sickened as Admetus revived, and she
was rapidly sinking to the grave. |
»ç¶÷µéÀº ÀǾÆÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
"¿Ö ±×ÀÇ ¾çÄ£ Áß ÇÑ ºÐÀÌ ´ë½Å Á×Áö ¾ÊÀ»±î? ±×µéÀº ¼ö¸íµµ ¾ó¸¶ ³²Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» °ÍÀÌ¿ä. ¶Ç ±×µéÀ̾߸»·Î ¾ÆµéÀÇ ¿äÀý(¿äÀý)À» ±¸ÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ ´À³¥ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡?"
±×·¯³ª ¾çÄ£µµ ¾ÆµéÀ» ÀÒ´Â °ÍÀº ½½ÆÛÇßÀ¸³ª, ±× Àǹ«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇϱâ´Â ²¨·È´Ù. ¸¶Ä§³» ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º°¡ °í¸ÅÇÑ ÀÚ±â Èñ»ýÀÇ Á¤½ÅÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀڱⰡ ´ë½Å Á×°Ú´Ù°í ÀÚûÇß´Ù. ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺´Â ¾Æ¹«¸® »ì°í ½Í´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ±×¿Í °°Àº Èñ»ýÀ» Ä¡·¯ °¡¸é¼±îÁö ÀÚ±âÀÇ »ýÀ» ¿¬Àå½ÃŰ·Á°í´Â ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ù¸¥ ¹æµµ°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¿î¸íÀÇ ½ÅÀÌ °úÇÑ Á¶°ÇÀº ÀÀ³«µÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÏ¿© °áÁ¤µÈ °ÍÀº Ãë¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺°¡ Èñ»ýµÊ¿¡ µû¶ó ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º´Â º´ÀÌ ÁßÇÏ¿©Á® ±Þ¼Óµµ·Î ¹¦Áö¸¦ ÇâÇØ¼ ³»·Á°¡°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. |
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Just at this time Hercules arrived at the Palace of
Admetus, and found all the inmates in great distress for
the impending loss of the devoted wife and beloved
mistress. Hercules, to whom no labour was too arduous,
resolved to attempt her rescue. He went and lay in wait at
the door of the chamber of the dying queen, and when Death
came for his prey, he seized him and forced him to resign
his victim. Alcestis recovered, and was restored to her
husband. |
¹Ù·Î À̶§ Çì¶óŬ·¹½º°¡ ¾Æµå¸ÞÅ佺ÀÇ ±ÃÀü¿¡ µµÂøÇÏ¿©, ¸ðµç±ÃÁß »ç¶÷µéÀÌÇå½ÅÀûÀÎ ¾Æ³»¿Í »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â ¿©¿ÕÀ» ¹Ì±¸¿¡ ÀÒÀ» Å« ½½ÇÄ¿¡ Àá°Ü ÀÖÀ½À» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀÌ¶óµµ ±Øº¹ÇÑ Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â ¿©¿ÕÀ» ±¸ÇØ º¸±â·Î °á½ÉÇß´Ù. ±×´Â Á×¾î °¡´Â ¿©¿ÕÀÇ ¹æ¹® ¿·¿¡ °¡¼ ´ë±âÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á×À½ÀÇ ½ÅÀÌ ±×ÀÇ Èñ»ý¹°À» Àâ¾Æ°¡·Á°í ¿ÔÀ» ¶§, Çì¶óŬ·¹½º´Â ±×¸¦ ºÙÀâ°í ±×ÀÇ Èñ»ý¹°À» ´Ü³äÇϱ⸦ °¿äÇß´Ù. ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º´Â ȸº¹µÇ¾î ³²Æí¿¡°Ô º¸³»Á³´Ù. |
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Milton
alludes to the story of Alcestis in his Sonnet "on
his deceased wife":
¡¡
"Methought I saw my late espoused saint
Brought to me like Alcestis from the grave,
Whom Jove's great son to her glad husband gave,
Rescued from death by force, though pale and
faint."
J.
R. Lowell has chosen the "Shepherd of King
Admetus" for the subject of a short poem. He makes
that event the first introduction of poetry to men.
¡¡
"Men called him but a shiftless youth,
In whom no good they saw,
And yet unwittingly, in truth,
They made his careless words their law.
"And day by day more holy grew
Each spot where he had trod,
Till after-poets only knew
Their first-born brother was a god."
[see also: Alcestis
by Euripides]
[see also: The
Death of Alcestis - painting by Pierre Peyron]
[see also: Mourning
and Melancholia: A Debate of Freudian vs. Kleinian
Psychoanalysis of the Greek Myth Alcestis]
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¡¡ |
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ANTIGONE
A large proportion both of the interesting persons and of
the exalted acts of legendary Greece belongs to the female
sex. Antigone
was as bright an example of filial and sisterly fidelity
as was Alcestis of connubial devotion. She was the
daughter of OEdipus
and Jocasta,
who with all their descendants were the victims of an
unrelenting fate, dooming them to destruction. OEdipus in
his madness had torn out his eyes, and was driven forth
from his kingdom Thebes, dreaded and abandoned by all men,
as an object of divine vengeance. Antigone, his daughter,
alone shared his wanderings and remained with him till he
died, and then returned to Thebes.
[complete text file: Sophocles'
Oedipus Rex]
[see also: Sophocles'
Oedipus at Colonus]
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¾ÈƼ°í³×
Àü¼³½Ã´ëÀÇ ±×¸®½ºÀÇ Èï¹ÌÀÖ´Â Àι°À̳ª °í»óÇÑ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ÁÖÀΰøÀº ´ëºÎºÐ ¿©¼ºÀ̾ú´Ù. ¾ËÄɽºÆ¼½º°¡ ºÎºÎ¾ÖÀÇ Ç¥º»ÀÎ °Í°ú °°ÀÌ ¾ÈƼ°í³×´Â È¿¼º°ú ¿ì¾ÖÀÇ ¶Ù¾î³ Ç¥º»À̾ú´Ù. ±×³à´Â ¿ÀÀ̵ðǪ½º¿Í ÀÌ¿ÀÄ«½ºÅ×ÀÇ µþÀ̾ú´Âµ¥, ÀÌ Àϰ¡´Â °¡È¤ÇÑ ¿î¸çÀÇ Èñ»ý¹°ÀÌ µÇ¾î ¸ê¸ÁÇß´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ÀÀ̵ðǪ½º´Â ¹ß±¤ÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±âÀÇ ´«À» Àâ¾Æ»©°í, õ¹úÀÇ ´ë»óÀڷμ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ °øÆ÷ÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ°í ¹ö¸²À» ¹Þ¾Æ ±×°¡ ¿ÕÀ¸·Î ÀÖ¾ú´ø Å×¹ÙÀ̷κÎÅÍ Ãß¹æ´çÇß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ µþÀÎ ¾ÈƼ°í³×¸¸ÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ¹æ¶ûÀÇ ¼öÇàÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾î ±×°¡ Á×À» ¶§±îÁö ±×ÀÇ °ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù°¡ Å×¹ÙÀÌ·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù.
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Her brothers, Eteocles and Polynices, had agreed to
share the kingdom between them, and reign alternately year
by year. The first year fell to the lot of Eteocles, who,
when his time expired, refused to surrender the kingdom to
his brother. Polynices fled to Adrastus, king of Argos,
who gave him his daughter in marriage, and aided him with
an army to enforce his claim to the kingdom. This led to
the celebrated expedition of the "Seven
against Thebes," which furnished ample materials
for the epic and tragic poets of Greece.
Amphiaraus, the brother-in-law of Adrastus, opposed the
enterprise, for he was a soothsayer, and knew by his art
that no one of the leaders except Adrastus would live to
return. But Amphiaraus, on his marriage to Eriphyle, the
king's sister, had agreed that whenever he and Adrastus
should differ in opinion, the decision should be left to
Eriphyle. Polynices, knowing this, gave Eriphyle the
collar of Harmonia, and thereby gained her to his
interest. This collar or necklace was a present which
Vulcan had given to Harmonia on her marriage with Cadmus,
and Polynices had taken it with him on his flight from
Thebes. Eriphyle could not resist so tempting a bribe, and
by her decision the war was resolved on, and Amphiaraus
went to his certain fate. He bore his part bravely in the
contest, but could not avert his destiny. Pursued by the
enemy, he fled along the river, when a thunderbolt
launched by Jupiter opened the ground, and he, his
chariot, and his charioteer were swallowed up.
It would not be in place here to detail all the acts of
heroism or atrocity which marked the contest; but we must
not omit to record the fidelity of Evadne as an offset to
the weakness of Eriphyle. Capaneus, the husband of Evadne,
in the ardour of the fight declared that he would force
his way into the city in spite of Jove himself. Placing a
ladder against the wall he mounted, but Jupiter, offended
at his impious language, struck him with a thunderbolt.
When his obsequies were celebrated, Evadne cast herself on
his funeral pile and perished.
Early in the contest Eteocles consulted the soothsayer
Tiresias as to the issue. Tiresias in his youth had by
chance seen Minerva (Athena)
bathing. The goddess in her wrath deprived him of his
sight, but afterwards relenting gave him in compensation
the knowledge of future events. When consulted by
Eteocles, he declared that victory should fall to Thebes
if Menoeceus, the son of Creon, gave himself a voluntary
victim. The heroic youth, learning the response, threw
away his life in the first encounter.
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ÀüÀï Ãʱ⿡ ¿¡Å׿ÀŬ·¹½º´Â ¿¹¾ðÀÚ Å×ÀÌ·¹½Ã¾Æ½º¿¡°Ô °á°ú°¡ ¾îÂîµÉ °ÍÀÎÁö ¹®ÀÇÇß´Ù. Å×ÀÌ·¹½Ã¾Æ½º´Â Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ¾ÆÅ׳ª°¡ ¸ñ¿åÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» º» ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÅ׳ª´Â ³ëÇÏ¿© ±×ÀÇ ½Ã·ÂÀ» ¹ÚÅ»Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÈÄ¿¡´Â °¡¿²ÀÌ ¿©°Ü ±×¿¡°Ô ±× º¸»óÀ¸·Î ¹Ì·¡»ç¸¦ ¾Æ´Â ´É·ÂÀ» ºÎ¿©Çß´Ù. ¿¡Å׿ÀŬ·¹½ºÀÇ ¹®ÀǸ¦ ¹ÞÀÚ ±×´Â ¸¸¾à Å©·¹¿ÂÀÇ ¾Æµé ¸Þ³ëÀÌÄɿ콺°¡ ÀÚÁøÇÏ¿© Èñ»ý¹°ÀÌ µÈ´Ù¸é Å×¹ÙÀ̰¡ ½Â¸®ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¿¹¾ðÇß´Ù. ÀÌ¿µ¿õÀûÀΠû³âÀº ÀÌ ¿¹¾ðÀ» µèÀÚ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Á¢Àü¿¡¼ ±×ÀÇ »ý¸íÀ» ³»´øÁ³´Ù. |
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The siege continued long, with various success. At
length both hosts agreed that the brothers should decide
their quarrel by single combat. They fought and fell by
each other's hands. The armies then renewed the fight, and
at last the invaders were forced to yield, and fled,
leaving their dead unburied. Creon, the uncle of the
fallen princes, now become king, caused Eteocles to be
buried with distinguished honour, but suffered the body of
Polynices to lie where it fell, forbidding every one on
pain of death to give it burial. |
Æ÷À§ÀüÀº Àå±â°£ °è¼ÓµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª ½ÂÆÐ°¡ °áÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¸¶Ä§³» ¾ç±ºÀº ¿¡Å׿ÀŬ·¹½º¿Í Æú·ò³×ÀÌÄɽº¿ÍÀÇ ÀϱâÀü(ÀϱâÀü)À¸·Î ½ÂÆÐ¸¦ °áÁ¤Çϱâ·Î ÇÕÀÇÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀº ½Î¿ö¼ µÑ ´Ù »ó´ë¹æÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¾²·¯Á³´Ù. ±º»çµéÀº ´Ù½Ã ÀüÅõ¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ¸¶Ä§³» ħÀÔÀÚµéÀÌ ÆÐ¹èÇÏ¿© Àü»çÀÚ(Àü»çÀÚ)¸¦ ¹¯Áöµµ ¾Ê°í µµ¸ÁÇÏ¿´´Ù. Àü»çÇÑ µÎ ¿ÕÀÚÀÇ ¿Ü»ïÃÌÀÌÀÚ ÀÌÁ¦´Â ¿ÕÀÎ Å©·¹¿ÂÀº,, ¿¡Å׿ÀŬ·¹½º¸¦ Á¤ÁßÈ÷ ¸ÅÀåÄÉ ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, Æú·ò³×ÀÌÄɽºÀÇ ½Ãü´Â ±×°¡ Àü»çÇÑ °÷¿¡ ±×´ë·Î ³»¹ö·Á µÎ°Ô ÇÏ°í ±× ¸ÅÀåÀ» ±ÝÇÏ¿©, À§¹ÝÀÚ´Â »çÇü¿¡ óÇÑ´Ù°í Æ÷°íÇß´Ù. |
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Antigone, the sister of Polynices, heard with indignation
the revolting edict which consigned her brother's body to
the dogs and vultures, depriving it of those rites which
were considered essential to the repose of the dead.
Unmoved by the dissuading counsel of an affectionate but
timid sister, and unable to procure assistance, she
determined to brave the hazard, and to bury the body with
her own hands. She was detected in the act, and Creon gave
orders that she should be buried alive, as having
deliberately set at naught the solemn edict of the city.
Her lover, Haemon, the son of Creon, unable to avert her
fate, would not survive her, and fall by his own hand. |
Æú·ò³×ÀÌÄɽºÀÇ ´©ÀÌ ¾ÈƼ°í³×´Â, ¿ÀºüÀÇ ½Ãü¸¦ °³³ª µ¶¼ö¸®ÀÇ ¹äÀÌ µÇ°Ô Çϰí Á×Àº ÀÚÀÇ ¾È½Ä¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ´Â Àå·Êµµ °ÅÇàÄ¡ ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ ¸ôÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ Æ÷°í¸¦ µè°í ºÐ°³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾ÖÁ¤Àº ±íÀ¸³ª °ÌÀÌ ¸¹Àº µ¿»ýÀÌ ¸»·ÈÀ¸³ª µèÁö ¾Ê°í, °Åµé¾îÁÖ´Â »ç¶÷À» ¾òÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´À¸¹Ç·Î ¾ÈƼ°í³×´Â À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¾²°í È¥ÀÚ¼ ½Ãü¸¦ ¸ÅÀåÇϱâ·Î °á½ÉÇß´Ù.
±×³à´Â ÇöÀå¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¡¼ Å©·¹¿ÂÀ¸´Ï ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¾ö¼÷ÇÑ Æ÷°í¸¦ °íÀÇ·Î À§¹ÝÇÏ¿´´Ù ÇÏ¿© ¾ÈƼ°í³×¸¦ »ý¸ÅÀåÇ϶ó´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ³»·È´Ù. ±×³àÀÇ ¾ÖÀÎÀÌ¿ä Å©·¹¿ÂÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÎ ÇÏÀ̸óÀº ±×³àÀÇ ¿î¸íÀ» ¸·À» ±æµµ ¾ø°í, ¶Ç ÀÚ±â È¥ÀÚ »ì¾Æ ³²´Â °Íµµ ¿øÄ¡ ¾Ê¾Æ ÀÚ°áÇß´Ù. |
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Antigone forms the subject of two fine tragedies
of the Grecian poet Sophocles.
Mrs. Jameson, in her "Characteristics of Women,"
has compared her character with that of Cordelia, in
Shakspeare's "King Lear."
[see also: Antigone
by Sophocles]
The following is the lamentation of Antigone over
OEdipus, when death has at last relieved him from his
sufferings:
¡¡
"Alas!
I only wished I might have died
With my poor father; wherefore should I ask
For longer life?
O, I was fond of misery with him;
E'en what was most unlovely grew beloved
When he was with me. O my dearest father,
Beneath the earth now in deep darkness hid,
Worn as thou wert with age, to me thou still
Wast dear, and shalt be ever."
(Francklin's Sophocles) |
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PENELOPE
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Æä³Ú·ÎÆä |
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Penelope
is another of those mythic heroines whose beauties were
rather those of character and conduct than of person. She
was the daughter of Icarius, a Spartan prince. Ulysses,
king of Ithaca,
sought her in marriage, and won her, over all competitors.
When the moment came for the bride to leave her father's
house, Icarius, unable to bear the thoughts of parting with
his daughter, tried to persuade her to remain with him, and
not accompany her husband to Ithaca. Ulysses gave Penelope
her choice, to stay or go with him. Penelope made no reply,
but dropped her veil over her face. Icarius urged her no
further, but when she was gone erected a statue to Modesty
on the spot where they parted. |
Æä³Ú·ÎÆäµµ ±× ¹Ì°¡ ¿ë¸ðÀÇ ¹Ì¶ó±âº¸´Ùµµ ¼º°Ý°ú ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ¹ÌÀÎ Àü¼³»óÀÇ ¿©ÁÖÀΰøÀÇ Çϳª´Ù. ±×³à´Â ½ºÆÄ¸£Å¸ÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ Ä«¸®¿À½ºÀÇ µþÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÀÌŸÄÉÀÇ ¿Õ ¿Àµ÷¼¼¿ì½º°¡ ±×³à¿¡°Ô ±¸È¥ÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç °æÀï»ó´ë¸¦ ¹°¸®Ä¡°í ±×³à¸¦ ȹµæÇß´Ù. ½ÅºÎ°¡ Ä£Á¤À» ¶°³¯ ¶§°¡ µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§, ¾Æ¹öÁö ÀÌÄ«¸®¿À½º´Â µþ°úÀÇ À̺°À» °ßµðÁö ¸øÇÏ¿©, ÀÚ±â¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸Ó¹°°í ³²ÆíÀ» µû¶ó ÀÌŸÄÉ¿¡ °¡Áö ¸»µµ·Ï ¼³µæÇϱ⿡ ³ë·ÂÇß´Ù. ¿Àµ÷¼¼¿ì½º´Â Ä£Á¤¿¡ ÀÖµçÁö ÀÚ±â¿Í °°ÀÌ °¡µçÁö ¸¶À½´ë·Î Ç϶ó°í Æä³Ú·ÎÆä¿¡°Ô ÀÏ·¶´Ù. Æä³Ú·ÎÆä´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ´ë´äµµ ¾Ê°í ¾ó±¼À» º£ÀÏ·Î °¡·È´Ù. ÀÌÄ«¸®¿À½º´Â ´õ ÀÌ»ó °¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ±×³à°¡ ¶°³µÀ» ¶§, ±×µéÀÌ À̺°ÇÑ ÁöÁ¡¿¡ <Á¤Àý(Á¤Àý)>ÀÇ ¿©½Å»óÀ» ¼¼¿ü´Ù. |
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Ulysses and Penelope had not enjoyed their union more
than a year when it was interrupted by the events which
called Ulysses to the Trojan
war. During his long absence, and when it was doubtful whether he
still lived, and highly improbable that he would ever
return, Penelope was importuned by numerous suitors, from
whom there seemed no refuge but in choosing one of them for
her husband. Penelope, however, employed every art to gain
time, still hoping for Ulysses' return. |
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¿Àµ÷¼¼¿ì½º¿Í Æä³Ú·ÎÆä°¡ °áÈ¥»ýȰÀ» ÇÑ Áö 1³â ³²ÁþÇßÀ» ¶§, ¿Àµ÷¼¼¿ì½º°¡ Æ®·ÎÀÌÀüÀï¿¡ ÂüÀüÄÉ µÇ¾î °áÈ¥»ýȰÀ» ÁߴܵǾú´Ù. ±×°¡ ÁýÀ» ºñ¿î Áöµµ ¿À·¡µÇ°í, ¶Ç ¾ÆÁ÷µµ »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´ÂÁö Àǹ®½ÃµÇ¾î µ¹¾Æ¿Ã °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ Èñ¹ÚÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¸¹Àº ±¸È¥ÀÚµéÀÌ Æä³Ú·ÎÆä¸¦ ¼º°¡½Ã°Ô ±¼¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¼ºÈ¸¦ ¸éÇÏ·Á¸é ±×µéÁß ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ³²ÆíÀ¸·Î °í¸£´Â ¼ö¹Û¿¡´Â µµ¸®°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Æä³Ú·ÎÆä´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¿Àµ÷¼¼¿ì½ºÀÇ ±ÍȯÀ» ±â´ëÇÏ¸é¼ ¸ðµç ¼ö´ÜÀ» ´ÙÇØ ¿¬±âÇϱ⿡ Èû½è´Ù. |
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One of her arts of
delay was engaging in the preparation of a robe for the
funeral canopy of Laertes, her husband's father. She pledged
herself to make her choice among the suitors when the robe
was finished. During the day she worked at the robe, but in
the night she undid the work of the day. This is the famous
Penelope's web, which is used as a proverbial expression for
anything which is perpetually doing but never done. The rest
of Penelope's history will be told when we give an account
of her husband's adventures [Chapter
XXIX]. |
¿¬±âÇÏ´Â ¼ö´Ü ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ½Ã¾Æ¹öÁöÀÎ ¶ó¿¡¸£Å×½ºÀÇ ¼öÀÇ(¼öÀÇ)¸¦ Â¥´Â ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¼öÀÇ Â¥´Â ÀÏÀ» ¸¶Ä¡¸é, ±¸È¥ÀÚ Áß¿¡¼ Çϳª¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¾à¼ÓÇß´Ù. ³·¿¡´Â ¼öÀǸ¦ Â¥°í ¹ãÀÌ µÇ¸é ³·¿¡ § °ÍÀ» ´Ù½Ã Ç®¾ú´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ À¯¸íÇÑ <Æä³Ú·ÎÆäÀÇ Á÷¹°>À̶õ ¼Ó´ãÀÇ ±â¿øÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀε¥, ÀÌ ¸»Àº ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ÀÏÇϳª ¸¶Ä¡Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. Æä³Ú·ÎÆä À̾߱âÀÇ ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ±× ³²ÆíÀÇ ¸ðÇè´ãÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÒ ¶§ ¸»ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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Back to Chapter XXII
On to Chapter XXIV |
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¡¡THOMAS BULFINCH
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