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BULFINCH'S MYTHOLOGY
THE AGE OF FABLE
OR STORIES OF GODS AND HEROES
by Thomas Bulfinch
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CHAPTER VI
MIDAS
BAUCIS AND PHILEMON
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6 Àå
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¹Ù¿ìŰ½º¿Í ÇÊ·¹¸ó
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MIDAS
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BACCHUS,
on a certain occasion, found his old schoolmaster and
foster-father, Silenus,
missing. The old man had been drinking, and in that state
wandered away, and was found by some peasants, who carried
him to their king, Midas.
Midas recognized him, and treated him hospitably,
entertaining him for ten days and nights with an unceasing
round of jollity. On the eleventh day he brought Silenus
back, and restored him in safety to his pupil.
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¾î´À ³¯, µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º[¹ÙÄí½º]´Â ±×ÀÇ ¾î¸± ¶§ ½º½ÂÀÌ¸ç ¾çºÎ(¾çºÎ)ÀÎ ½Ç·¹³ë½º°¡ ¾î´À »õ Çà¹æºÒ¸íÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. ±× ³ëÀÎÀÌ ¼ú¿¡ ÃëÇØ ¹æÈ²Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ³óºÎµéÀÌ ¹ß°ßÇÏ°í ±×µéÀÇ ¿ÕÀÎ ¹Ì´Ù½º¿¡°Ô µ¥¸®°í °£ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ÀÌ ³ëÀÎÀÌ ½Ç·¹³ë½ºÀÓÀ» ¾ËÀÚ µû¶æÀÌ ¸Â¾Æµé¿© ¿Èê¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ¹ã³·À» °¡¸®Áö ¾Ê°í °è¼Ó ÁÖ¿¬À» º£Ç®¾î ³ëÀÎÀ» ȯ´ëÇß´Ù.
¿ ÇÏ·ç ¸¸¿¡ ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ½Ç·¹³ë½º¸¦ ¹«»çÈ÷ ±×ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ¿¡°Ô µ¹·Á º¸³Â´Ù.
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Whereupon Bacchus
offered Midas his choice of a reward, whatever he might
wish. He asked that whatever he might touch should be
changed into gold. Bacchus consented, though sorry that he
had not made a better choice. Midas went his way,
rejoicing in his new-acquired power, which he hastened to
put to the test. He could scarce believe his eyes when he
found a twig of an oak, which he plucked from the branch,
become gold in his hand. He took up a stone; it changed to
gold. He touched a sod; it did the same. He took up an
apple from the tree; you would have thought he had robbed
the garden of the Hesperides.
His joy knew no bounds, and as soon as he got home, he
ordered the servants to set a splendid repast on the
table. Then he found to his dismay that whether he touched
bread, it hardened in his hand; or put a morsel to his
lip, it defied his teeth. He took a glass of wine, but it
flowed down his throat like melted gold.
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µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º´Â ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ä·Ê·Î¼ ¹«¾ùÀÌµç ¿øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇϵµ·Ï ¹Ì´Ù½º¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ±×·¸´Ù¸é ¹«¾ùÀ̵ç ÀÚ±âÀÇ ¼ÕÀÌ ´ê´Â °ÍÀº <±Ý>À¸·Î º¯Çϵµ·Ï ÇØ´Þ¶ó°í ¿äûÇß´Ù. µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º´Â ¹Ì´Ù½º°¡ ´õ ÁÁÀº ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» À¯°¨À¸·Î »ý°¢Çϸ鼵µ ½Â³«ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ÈûÀ» ¾òÀº °ÍÀ» Å©°Ô ±â»µÇÏ¿©, µ¹¾Æ°¡ÀÚ ¹Ù·Î ±× ÈûÀ» ½ÃÇèÇØ º¸¾Ò´Ù. Âü³ª¹« °¡Áö¸¦ ²ªÀÚ ¼ø°£ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¼Õ ÇÑ °¡¿îµ¥¼ Ȳ±Ý °¡Áö·Î º¯ÇÑ °ÍÀ» º¸°í ±×´Â ÀÚ±âÀÇ ´«À» ÀǽÉÇÒ Á¤µµ¿´´Ù. À̹ø¿¡´Â µ¹À» ÁÖ¿ö µé¾ú´Ù. ±×°Íµµ ±ÝÀ¸·Î º¯ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Àܵ𸦠¸¸ÁöÀÚ ±×°Íµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö¿´´Ù. »ç°ú³ª¹«¿¡¼ »ç°ú¸¦ µûº¸¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ ±×°ÍÀº ¸¶Ä¡ Ç콺Æä¸®µ¥½ºÀÇ È¿ø¿¡¼ ÈÉÃÄ ¿Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡ ÇÏ°í »ý°¢µÉ Á¤µµ¿´´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½ºÀÇ ±â»ÝÀº ÇÑÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â Áý¿¡ µ¹¾Æ¿ÀÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ÇÏÀε鿡°Ô ÈǸ¢ÇÑ À½½ÄÀ» À常Ç϶ó°í ºÐºÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ³î¶ó¿î ÀÏÀº ±×°¡ »§À» ¸¸Á®µµ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¼Õ ¾È¿¡¼ ´Ü´ÜÇØÁö°í ¶Ç À½½ÄÀ» ÀÔ¼ú¿¡ °¡Á®°¡µµ °ð ±»¾î À̰¡ µé¾î°¡Áö¸¦ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ±×´Â Æ÷µµÁÖ¸¦ ¸¶¼Ì´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°Í ¿ª½Ã ¸¶Ä¡ ³ìÀº Ȳ±Ýó·³ ¸ñ±¸¸ÛÀ» ³»·Á°¬´Ù.
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In consternation at the unprecedented affliction, he
strove to divest himself of his power; he hated the gift
he had lately coveted. But all in vain; starvation seemed
to await him. He raised his arms, all shining with gold,
in prayer to Bacchus, begging to be delivered from his
glittering destruction. Bacchus, merciful deity, heard and
consented. "Go," said he, "to River
Pactolus, trace its fountain-head, there plunge
yourself and body in, and wash away your fault and its
punishment." He did so, and scarce had he touched the
waters before the gold-creating power passed into them,
and the river sands became changed into gold, as they
remain to this day.
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ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àü´ë¹Ì¹®(Àü´ë¹Ì¹®)ÀÇ À糿¡ °£´ãÀÌ ¼´ÃÇØÁø ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ¸¶·Â¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á¶±Ý Àü±îÁö ±×Åä·Ï ¿øÇß´ø ¼±¹°À» Áõ¿ÀÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾Æ¹«¸® Áõ¿ÀÇØµµ, ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇÏ·Á ÇØµµ Çã»ç¿´´Ù. ¾Æ»ç(¾Æ»ç)°¡ ±×¸¦ ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖ´Â °Í °°¾Ò´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ±ÝÀ¸·Î ºû³ª´Â ¾çÆÈÀ» µé°í ÀÌ È²±ÝÀÇ ¸ê¸ÁÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸¿øÇØ Áֽʻç ÇÏ°í µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º¿¡°Ô ¾Ö¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù. µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º´Â ÀÚºñ½ÉÀÌ ¸¹Àº ½ÅÀ̾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¹Ì´Ù½ºÀÇ ¼Ò¿øÀ» µè°í ±×°ÍÀ» µé¾î ÁÖ±â·Î Çϰí ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.
"ÆÅŸ·Î½º ° ¼ö¿ø(¼ö¿ø)±îÁö °Å½½·¯ ¿Ã¶ó°¡, ±×°÷¿¡ ¸Ó¸®¿Í ¸öÀ» ´ã±×¶ó. ±×¸®°í ³×°¡ ¹üÇÑ °ú¿À¿Í ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹úÀ» ¾Ä¾î¶ó."
¹Ì´Ù½º´Â µð¿À´µ¼Ò½º°¡ ÀÏ·¯ÁØ ´ë·Î ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í °¹°¿¡ ¼ÕÀ» ´ëÀÚ, ±ÝÀ» âÁ¶ÇÏ´Â ÈûÀº ¹° ¼ÓÀ¸·Î »ç¶óÁ³´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸ð·¡°¡ Ȳ±ÝÀ¸·Î º¯Çߴµ¥, ±× ±Ý¸ð·¡´Â ÇöÀç¿¡µµ ±×´ë·Î ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù.
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Thenceforth Midas, hating wealth and splendour, dwelt in
the country, and became a worshipper of Pan,
the god of the fields. On a certain occasion Pan had the
temerity to compare his music with that of Apollo,
and to challenge the god of the lyre
to a trial of skill. The challenge was accepted, and Tmolus,
the mountain god, was chosen umpire. The senior took his
seat, and cleared away the trees from his ears to listen.
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±×ÈÄ·Î ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ºÎ(ºÎ)¿Í ¿µÈ¸¦ ½È¾îÇß°í ½Ã°ñ¿¡ »ì¸é¼ µéÀÇ ½ÅÀÎ ÆÇÀÇ ¼þ¹èÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
¾î´À ¶§ ÆÇÀº ¹«¸ðÇϰԵµ ¼ö±Ý(¼ö±Ý)ÀÇ ½ÅÀÎ ¾ÆÆú·Ð°ú ¸®¶ó ½ÃÇÕÀ» ÇÏ·Á°í µµÀüÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº ÀÌ µµÀü¿¡ ÀÀÇÏ°í »ê½ÅÀÎ Æ®¸ô·Î½º°¡ ½ÉÆÇÀڷμ ¼±Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ³ëÀÎÀº ½ÉÆÇ¼®¿¡ ¾É¾Æ Àß µè±â À§Çؼ ±Í¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼ö¸ñÀ» Á¦°ÅÇß´Ù.
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At a given signal Pan blew on his pipes, and with his
rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his
faithful follower Midas, who happened to be present. Then
Tmolus turned his head toward the Sun-god, and all his
trees turned with him. Apollo rose, his brow wreathed with
Parnassian laurel,
while his robe of Tyrian
purple swept the ground. In his left hand he held the
lyre, and with his right hand struck the strings. Ravished
with the harmony, Tmolus at once awarded the victory to
the god of the lyre, and all but Midas acquiesced in the
judgment. He dissented, and questioned the justice of the
award. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of
ears any longer to wear the human form, but caused them to
increase in length, grow hairy, within and without, and
movable on their roots; in short, to be on the perfect
pattern of those of an ass.
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½ÅÈ£°¡ ³ªÀÚ ¸ÕÀú ÆÇÀÌ ÇǸ®¸¦ ºÒ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ ±× ²Ù¹Ò¾ø´Â ¸á·Îµð´Â ±× ÀڽŰú, ¸¶Ä§ ±×°÷¿¡ ¾É¾Æ ÀÖ´ø ±×ÀÇ Ãæ½ÇÇÑ ½ÅÀÚ ¹Ì´Ù½º¸¦ Å©°Ô ¸¸Á·½ÃÄ×´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ Æ®¸ô·Î½º°¡ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ žç½Å ¾ÆÆú·Ð¿¡°Ô µ¹¸®´Ï, ¸ðµç ¼ö¸ñµéµµ ±×¸¦ µû¶ú´Ù. ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº ÀϾ´Ù. À̸¶¿¡´Â ÆÄ¸£³´¼Ò½º »êÀÇ ¿ù°è¼ö·Î ¸¸µç °üÀ» ¾²°í, Ƽ·Î½º Áö¹æ¿¡¼ ³ª´Â ÀÚÁÖºû ¿°·á·Î ¹°µéÀÎ Áö¸éÀ» ½ºÄ¡´Â ¿ÊÀ» °ÉÄ¡°í, ¿Þ¼Õ¿£ ¸®¶ó¸¦ µé°í ¿À¸¥¼ÕÀ¸·Î ±× Çö(Çö)À» ÅÀ´Ù. ¸®¶ó¼Ò¸®¿¡ Á¤½ÅÀ» ÀÒÀº Ƽ¸ô·Î½º´Â Áï¼®¿¡¼ ¼ö±ÝÀÇ ½Å¿¡°Ô ½Â¸®¸¦ ¼±¾ðÇÏÀÚ, ¹Ì´Ù½º À̿ܿ£ ´Ù ÀÌ ÆÇÁ¤¿¡ ¸¸Á·Çß´Ù. ¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ÀÌÀǸ¦ ¸»ÇÏ°í ½ÉÆÇÀÇ Á¤´ç¼ºÀ» ÀǽÉÇß´Ù. ¾ÆÆú·ÐÀº ÀÌ·± ¹«½ÄÇÑ ±Í¸¦ ÀÌ ÀÌ»ó Àΰ£ÀÇ ±ÍÀÇ ÇüÅÂ·Î ÇØµÎ¾î¼´Â ¾ÈµÇ°Ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ±× ±Í¸¦ Å©°Ô ´ÃÀÌ°í ¾ÈÆÆÀ¸·Î ÅÐÀÌ ³ª°í, ±ÓºÒ ÂÊÀÌ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ°Ô ÇÏ¿© ´ç³ª±ÍÀÇ ±Í¿Í ¶È°°ÀÌ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
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Mortified enough was King Midas at this mishap: but he
consoled himself with the thought that it was possible to
hide his misfortune, which he attempted to do by means of
an ample turban or head-dress. But his hair-dresser of
course knew the secret. He was charged not to mention it,
and threatened with dire punishment if he presumed to
disobey. But he found it too much for his discretion to
keep such a secret; so he went out into the meadow, dug a
hole in the ground, and stooping down, whispered the
story, and covered it up. Before long a thick bed of reeds
sprang up in the meadow, and as soon as it had gained its
growth, began whispering the story, and has continued to
do so, from that day to this, every time a breeze passes
over the place.
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¹Ì´Ù½º ¿ÕÀº ÀÌ Àç³À¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ±âºÐÀÌ »óÇßÀ¸³ª, ±×°ÍÀ» ¼û±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ½º½º·Î¸¦ ´Þ·¨´Ù. Áï, ¸Ó¸®¿¡ ³ÐÀº ¼ö°ÇÀ» ¾²°í ±×ÀÇ ±Í¸¦ °¨Ãß¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×ÀÇ À̹߻ç´Â ¹°·Ð ÀÌ ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ±×·± ¸»À» ÀÔ ¹Û¿¡ ³»¼´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í º¹Á¾Ä¡ ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¾ö¹ú¿¡ óÇÑ´Ù´Â Çù¹ÚÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̹߻ç´Â ÀÌ ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¸»ÇÏ°í ½Í¾î °ßµô ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ±×´Â ÃÊ¿øÀ¸·Î ³ª°¡¼ Áö¸é¿¡ ±¸¸ÛÀ» ÆÄ°í, ±× À§¿¡ ¸öÀ» ±¸ºÎ·Á ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¼Ó»èÀÌ°í ´Ù½Ã ÈëÀ¸·Î µ¤¾ú´Ù. ±× ÈÄ ¾ó¸¶ °¡Áö ¾Ê¾Æ ÃÊ¿øÀÇ ÀϺο¡ °´ë°¡ ³ª¼ ¹«¼ºÇÏ°Ô ÀÚ¶ó³ªÀÚ ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¼Ó»èÀ̱⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ´õ´Ï, ±×ÈÄ ¿À´Ã³¯±îÁöµµ ¹ÌdzÀÌ ±× À§¿¡ ½ºÄ¡°í Áö³ª°¥ ¶§¸¶´Ù °è¼Ó ¼Ó»èÀ̰í ÀÖ´Ù.
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The story of King Midas has been told by others with some
variations. Dryden,
in the "Wife of Bath's Tale," makes Midas's
queen the betrayer of the secret:
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ÀÌ ¹Ì´Ù½º ¿ÕÀÇ À̾߱â´Â À̹ۿ¡µµ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅ·ΠÀ̾߱âµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µå¶óÀ̵çÀº [¹Ù¾ÆµåÀÇ ¿©ÀÎ À̾߱â] ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¹Ì´Ù½º ¿ÕÀÇ ºñ¹ÐÀ» ´©¼³ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¿ÕÀÇ ¾Æ³»¶ó°í º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù.
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"This Midas knew, and durst communicate
To none but to his wife his ears of state."
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Midas was king of Phrygia.[map]
He was the son of Gordius,
a poor countryman, who was taken by the people and made
king, in obedience to the command of the oracle, which had
said that their future king should come in a wagon. While
the people were deliberating, Gordius with his wife and
son came driving his wagon into the public square.
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¹Ì´Ù½º´Â ÇÁ·ò±â¾ÆÀÇ ¿ÕÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ºÎÄ£Àº °í¸£µð¿ì½º¶ó´Â °¡³ÇÑ ³óºÎ¿´´Âµ¥, »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Ãß´ë·Î ¿ÕÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ½ÅŹÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó ±×¸¦ ¼±ÃâÇߴµ¥, ½ÅŹ¿¡´Â ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿ÕÀº Áü¸¶Â÷¸¦ Ÿ°í ¿Ã °ÍÀ̶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÀÌ ½ÅŹÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ »ý°¢Çϰí ÀÖÀ» ¶§, °í¸£µð¿ì½º°¡ ¾Æ³»¿Í ¾ÆµéÀ» µ¥¸®°í ¸¶À»ÀÇ ±¤ÀåÀ¸·Î Áü¸¶Â÷¸¦ Ÿ°í ¿À°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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Gordius, being made king, dedicated his wagon to the deity
of the oracle, and tied it up in its place with a fast
knot. This was the celebrated Gordian knot, which, in
after times it was said, whoever should untie should
become lord of all Asia. Many tried to untie it, but none
succeeded, till Alexander
the Great, in his career of conquest, came to Phrygia.
He tried his skill with as ill success as others, till
growing impatient he drew his sword and cut the knot. When
he afterwards succeeded in subjecting all Asia to his
sway, people began to think that he had complied with the
terms of the oracle according to its true meaning.
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°í¸£µð¿ì½º´Â ¿ÕÀ¸·Î ¼±ÃâµÇÀÚ, ±×ÀÇ Áü¸¶Â÷¸¦ ½ÅŹÀ» ³»¸° ½Å¿¡°Ô ¹ÙÄ¡°í °ß°íÇÑ ¸ÅµìÀ¸·Î Àû´çÇÑ Àå¼Ò¿¡ ¸ÅµÎ¾ú´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ À¯¸íÇÑ <°í¸£µð¿ì½ºÀÇ ¸Åµì>À̶ó´Â °ÍÀε¥, ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Èļ¼¿¡, ±×°ÍÀ» Ǫ´Â ÀÚ´Â Àü¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ µÇ¸®¶ó´Â ¸»ÀÌ ÀüÇØÁ³´Ù. ±×°ÍÀ» Ç®¾î º¸·Á°í ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸¹¾ÒÀ¸³ª, ¾Æ¹«µµ ¼º°øÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´õ´Ï ¸¶Ä§³» ¾Ë·º»êµå·Î½º(¾Ë·º»ê´õ) ´ë¿ÕÀÌ ¿øÁ¤ µµÁß¿¡ ÇÁ·ò±â¾Æ¿¡ µé·¶´Ù.
´ë¿Õµµ ±× ¸ÅµìÀ» Ç®¾î º¸·Á°í ¾Ö½èÀ¸³ª ¿ª½Ã ¼º°øÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¡¼ Âü´Ù ¸øÇÏ¿© Ä®À» »Ì¾Æ ±× ¸ÅµìÀ» ²÷¾î ¹ö·È´Ù. ±×°¡ ÈÄ¿¡ ¼º°øÇÏ¿© Àü¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¸¦ ±×ÀÇ Áö¹èÇÏ¿¡ µÎ¾úÀ» ¶§, »ç¶÷µéÀº ´ë¿ÕÀ̾߸»·Î ÁøÀüÇÑ Àǹ̿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ½ÅŹÀÇ ¸»¿¡ ºÎÀÀÇÑ »ç¶÷À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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¡¡
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BAUCIS AND PHILEMON
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¹Ù¿ìŰ½º¿Í ÇÊ·¹¸ó
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On a certain hill in Phrygia stands a linden tree and an
oak, enclosed by a low wall. Not far from the spot is a
marsh, formerly good habitable land, but now indented with
pools, the resort of fen-birds and cormorants.
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ÇÁ·ò°¡¾ÆÀÇ ¾î´À ¾ð´ö À§¿¡ ³·Àº º®À¸·Î µÑ·¯½Î¿© º¸¸®¼ö¿Í Âü³ª¹«°¡ ÇÑ ±×·ç¾¿ ¼ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°÷¿¡¼ ±×¸® ¸ÖÁö ¾ÊÀº °÷¿¡ ´ËÀÌ Çϳª Àִµ¥, À̰÷Àº Àü¿¡´Â ÁÁÀº ÁÖÅÃÁö¿´À¸³ª, Áö±ÝÀº ¿õµ¢À̰¡ °÷°÷¿¡ ÀÖ°í ´Ë»õ¿Í °¡¸¶¿ìÁöµéÀÌ Àß ¸ð¿© µé¾ú´Ù.
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Once on a time Jupiter (Zeus),
in human shape, visited this country, and with him his son
Mercury (Hermes)
(he of the caduceus), without his wings. They presented
themselves, as weary travellers, at many a door, seeking
rest and shelter, but found all closed, for it was late,
and the inhospitable inhabitants would not rouse
themselves to open for their reception. |
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¾ðÁ¨°¡ Á¦¿ì½º°¡ Àΰ£ÀÇ ÇüŸ¦ Çϰí ÀÌ ¶¥À» ¹æ¹®ÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÎ Ç츣¸Þ½ºµµ-±× ÁöÆÎÀ̸¸Àº °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾úÀ¸³ª-³¯°³¸¦ ¶¼¾î ³õ°í µ¿ÇàÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÇÇ·ÎÇÑ ³ª±×³×ó·³ ÀÌ Áý Àú ÁýÀÇ ¹®Àü¿¡ ¼¼ ÇÏ·íÀú³á ½¯ °÷À» ã¾ÒÀ¸³ª, ¹®ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ´ÝÇô ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀÌ¹Ì ¹ãÀÌ ´Ê¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÁֹεéÀº ¸ôÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ÀϾ ¹®À» ¿°í ±×µéÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. |
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At last a humble
mansion received them, a small thatched cottage, where
Baucis, a pious old dame, and her husband Philemon, united
when young, had grown old together. Not ashamed of their
poverty, they made it endurable by moderate desires and
kind dispositions. One need not look there for master or
for servant; they two were the whole household, master and
servant alike.
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¸¶Ä§³» ÇÑ º¸À߰;ø´Â ¿À¸·»ìÀÌÁýÀÌ ±×µéÀ» ¸Â¾Æ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ±× Áý¿¡´Â °æ°ÇÇÑ ³ëÆÄ ¹Ù¿ìŰ½º¿Í ±×ÀÇ ³²Æí ÇÊ·¹¸óÀÌ Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§ °áÈ¥ÇÏ¿© ´Ã±×¸·±îÁö °°ÀÌ »ì°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº °¡³À» ºÎ²ô·¯ÀÌ ¿©±âÁö ¾Ê°í °ú¿å(°ú¿å)°ú Ä£ÀýÇÑ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ±× °¡³À» °ßµð¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ±× Áý¿¡¼´Â ÁÖÀΰú ÇÏÀÎÀ» ±¸º°ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×µé µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÌ °¡Á·ÀÇ ÀüºÎ¿´°í, ÁÖÀÎÀÌ¸ç µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÇÏÀÎÀ̾ú´Ù.
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When the two heavenly guests crossed the
humble threshold, and bowed their heads to pass under the
low door, the old man placed a seat, on which Baucis,
bustling and attentive, spread a cloth, and begged them to
sit down. Then she raked out the coals from the ashes, and
kindled up a fire, fed it with leaves and dry bark, and
with her scanty breath blew it into a flame. She brought
out of a corner split sticks and dry branches, broke them
up, and placed them under the small kettle. Her husband
collected some pot-herbs in the garden, and she shred them
from the stalks, and prepared them for the pot. He reached
down with a forked stick a flitch of bacon hanging in the
chimney, cut a small piece, and put it in the pot to boil
with the herbs, setting away the rest for another time. A
beechen bowl was filled with warm water, that their guests
might wash. While all was doing, they beguiled the time
with conversation.
[see also: Philemon
and Baucis - painting by Rembrandt]
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õ»ó¿¡¼ ¹æ¹®ÇÑ µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ³ª±×³×°¡ ÃʶóÇÑ Áý¿¡ µé¾î¿Í ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ¼÷ÀÌ°í ¾èÀº ´ë¹®À» µé¾î¼¹À» ¶§, ±× ³ëÀÎÀº ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú°í, ³ëÆÄ´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» ã´Â µíÀÌ ¼¼º°Å¸®´õ´Ï ÀÚ¸® À§¿¡ Ŭ·Îµå¸¦ °®´Ù Æì°í ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¾É±â¸¦ ±ÇÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àí´õ¹Ì ¼Ó¿¡¼ ºÒ±â¸¦ ã¾Æ³»¾î ¸¶¸¥ ³ª¹µÀÙ°ú ¸¶¸¥ ³ª¹«²®ÁúÀ» ¸ð¾Æ³õ°í ÀÔÀ¸·Î ºÎ´Ï ºÒÀÌ ÇǾî¿Ã¶ú´Ù. ³ëÆÄ´Â ¹æ Çѱ¸¼®¿¡¼ ÀåÀÛ°ú ¸¶¸¥ ³ª¹µ°¡Áö¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¿Í¼ Àß°Ô Âɰ³¾î ÀÛÀº °¡¸¶ ¹Ø¿¡ ³Ö¾ú´Ù. ³ëÀÎÀÌ Á¤¿ø¿¡¼ ä¼Ò¸¦ ¶â¾î¿À´Ï ³ëÆÄ´Â ÀÙÀ» Áٱ⿡¼ µû¼ Àß°Ô ½ä¾î ³¿ºñ¿¡ ³Ö¾ú´Ù. ³ëÀÎÀº °¥¶óÁø ¸·´ë±â·Î ±¼¶Ò¿¡ °É¾î ³õ¾Ò´ø º£ÀÌÄÁ µ¢¾î¸®¸¦ ²ôÁý¾î ³»·È´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀ» ÇÑ Á¶°¢ º£¾î ä¼Ò¿Í ÇÔ²² ²úÀ̱â À§ÇØ ³¿ºñ ¼Ó¿¡ ³Ö°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¾²±â À§Çؼ ³²°Ü ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ³Êµµ¹ã³ª¹«·Î ¸¸µç ±×¸©¿¡´Â ¼Õ´ÔµéÀ» À§ÇØ ´õ¿î ¼¼¼ö¹°À» ¶°³õ¾Ò´Ù. ³ëÀÎ ³»¿Ü´Â ÀÌ·± Áغñ¸¦ Çϰí ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡µµ ¼·Î ¿©·¯ °¡Áö À̾߱⸦ °Ç³×¸ç ¼Õ´ÔµéÀÌ Áö·çÇÑ ½Ã°£À» ÀØ°Ô Çß´Ù.
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On the bench designed for the guests was laid a cushion
stuffed with sea-weed; and a cloth, only produced on great
occasions, but ancient and coarse enough, was spread over
that. The old lady, with her apron on, with trembling hand
set the table. One leg was shorter than the rest, but a
piece of slate put under restored the level. When fixed,
she rubbed the table down with some sweet-smelling herbs.
Upon it she set some of chaste Minerva's olives, some
cornel berries preserved in vinegar, and added radishes
and cheese, with eggs lightly cooked in the ashes. All
were served in earthen dishes, and an earthenware pitcher,
with wooden cups, stood beside them. When all was ready,
the stew, smoking hot, was set on the table. Some wine,
not of the oldest, was added; and for dessert, apples and
wild honey; and over and above all, friendly faces, and
simple but hearty welcome. [image:38K]
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¼Õ´ÔµéÀ» À§ÇØ ÁغñµÈ ÀÇÀÚ¿¡´Â ¼Ó¿¡ ÇØÃʸ¦ ³Ö¾î¼ ¸¸µç Äí¼ÇÀÌ ±ò·Á ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ±× À§¿¡ µ¤°³¸¦ µ¤¾î ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ µ¤°³´Â ³°°í ÃʶóÇÑ °ÍÀ̾úÁö¸¸ Å« ÀÏÀ» Ä¡¸¦ ¶§¸¸ Ưº°È÷ ³» ³õ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ¾ÕÄ¡¸¶ Â÷¸²ÀÇ ³ëÆÄ´Â ¶³¸®´Â ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ½ÄŹÀ» ³¯¶ó¿Ô´Ù. ±× ½ÄŹÀÇ ÇÑ ´Ù¸®°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ´Ù¸®º¸´Ù ª¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾ãÀº ³ª¹« Á¶°¢À¸·Î ±«¾î µÚ¶×°Å¸®Áö ¾Ê°Ô Çß´Ù. ±×·¸°Ô ÇÑ ÈÄ, ³ëÆÄ´Â ÁÁÀº ÇâÃë°¡ ³ª´Â Ç®·Î ½ÄŹÀ» ÈÉÃÆ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±× À§¿¡ ¼ø°áÇÑ Ã³³à ¾Æ¸£Å׹̽ºÀÇ ¼º¸ñ(¼º¸ñ)ÀÎ ¿Ã¸®ºê ³ª¹« ¿¸Å¿Í ½ÄÃÊ¿¡ ÀýÀÎ »êµþ±â¸¦ ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ¹«¿ì¿Í Ä¡ÀÌÁî, ±×¸®°í Àç ¼Ó¿¡ ³Ö¾î ¾à°£ ÀÍÈù ´Þ°¿À» °çµé¿´´Ù. Á¢½Ã´Â ´Ù Åä±â(Åä±â)¿´°í, ±× ¿·¿¡´Â ÈëÀ¸·Î ¸¸µç ÁÖÀüÀÚ¿Í ³ª¹«ÄÅÀÌ ³õ¿© ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸ðµç Áغñ°¡ ´Ù µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ±èÀÌ ¹«·°¹«·° ³ª´Â ½ºÆ©¿ì°¡ ½ÄŹ¿¡ ¿Ã·ÁÁ³´Ù. ±×¸® ¿À·¡µÈ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸, Æ÷µµÁÖµµ °çµé¿© ³ª¿Ô´Ù. µðÀúÆ®´Â »ç°ú¿Í ²ÜÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ðµç °Íº¸´Ùµµ ´õ ÁÁÀº °ÍÀº ȱ⿡ ³ÑÄ¡´Â ¾ó±¼°ú ¼Ò¹ÚÇϳª Á¤¼º½º·¯¿î ȯ´ë¿´´Ù.
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Now while the repast proceeded, the old folks were
astonished to see that the wine, as fast as it was poured
out, renewed itself in the pitcher, of its own accord.
Struck with terror, Baucis and Philemon recognized their
heavenly guests, fell on their knees, and with clasped
hands implored forgiveness for their poor entertainment.
There was an old goose, which they kept as the guardian of
their humble cottage; and they bethought them to make this
a sacrifice in honour of their guests. But the goose, too
nimble, with the aid of feet and wings, for the old folks,
eluded their pursuit, and at last took shelter between the
gods themselves. They forbade it to be slain; and spoke in
these words: "We are gods. This inhospitable village
shall pay the penalty of its impiety; you alone shall go
free from the chastisement. Quit your house, and come with
us to the top of yonder hill." They hastened to obey,
and, staff in hand, laboured up the steep ascent. They had
reached to within an arrow's flight of the top, when,
turning their eyes below, they beheld all the country sunk
in a lake, only their own house left standing. While they
gazed with wonder at the sight, and lamented the fate of
their neighbours, that old house of theirs was changed
into a temple.
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½Ä»ç°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ³ëÀεéÀÌ ³î¶õ °ÍÀº ¼úÀ» µû¸£ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, ÀúÀý·Î »õ ¼úÀÌ ¼úº´ ¼Ó¿¡ Â÷´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. µÎ·Á¿ö¼ ¾îÂîÇÒ ¹Ù¸¦ ¸ð¸£¸ç, ¹Ù¿ìŰ½º¿Í ÇÊ·¹¸óÀº ÀÌ ¼Õ´ÔµéÀÌ Ãµ»ó¿¡¼ ¿Â ½ÅÀÓÀ» ¾ËÀÚ, ¹«¸À» ²Ý°í µÎ ¼ÕÀ» ±ðÁö³¢°í ´ëÁ¢ÀÌ ¼ÒȦÇÏ¿´À½À» ¿ë¼ÇØ Áֽʻç°í ºô¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ Áý¿¡´Â ÇÑ ¸¶¸®ÀÇ °ÅÀ§°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ´ÄÀº ºÎºÎ´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ÁýÀ» ÁöŰ´Â ½Åó·³ ±â¸£°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´ÄÀº ºÎºÎ´Â ±×°ÍÀ» Àâ¾Æ¼ ¼Õ´Ô ´ëÁ¢À» ÇÏ·Á°í Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °ÅÀ§´Â ¹ß°ú ³¯°³·Î ´Þ¾Æ³ª±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ³ëÀε鿡°Ô´Â ÀâÈ÷Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¸¶Ä§³» °ÅÀ§´Â ½Åµé »çÀÌ·Î °¡¼ ¸öÀ» ÇÇÇß´Ù. ½ÅµéÀº °ÅÀ§¸¦ Á×ÀÌÁö ¸»¶ó°í ÇÏ¸é¼ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù.
"¿ì¸®µéÀº ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ½ÅÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¾ß¹ÚÇÑ ¸¶À»Àº ±× ºÒ°æ(ºÒ°æ) ¶§¹®¿¡ ¹úÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³ÊÈñµé¸¸Àº ±× ¡¹úÀ» ¸éÇÏ°Ô Çϸ®¶ó. ÀÌ ÁýÀ» ¶°³ª ¿ì¸®¿Í ´õºÒ¾î Àú »êÁ¤À¸·Î °¡ÀÚ."
´ÄÀº ºÎºÎ´Â ÀÌ ½ÅµéÀÇ ¸»¾¸¿¡ µû¶ó ÁöÆÎÀ̸¦ ¼Õ¿¡ µé°í ÇèÁØÇÑ ¾ð´ö±æÀ» ¿Ã¶ó°¬´Ù. ±×¸®°í ²À´ë±â ±Ùó¿¡ ´Ù´Ù¶úÀ» ¶§ ´«À» µ¹·Á ¹ØÀ» ³»·Á´Ùº¸´Ï ±×µéÀÇ Áý¸¸ »©³õ°í´Â ¸¶À»ÀÌ ¿ÂÅë È«¼ö ¼Ó¿¡ Àá°Ü ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ÀÌ ±¤°æÀ» º¸°í ³î¶ó¸é¼ ÀÌ¿ô»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¿î¸íÀ» ź½ÄÇϰí ÀÖÀ» ¶§, ¹®µæ ±×µé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °í°¡(°í°¡)°¡ ½ÅÀüÀ¸·Î º¯Çß´Ù.
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Columns took the place of the corner posts, the thatch
grew yellow and appeared a gilded roof, the floors became
marble, the doors were enriched with carving and ornaments
of old. Then spoke Jupiter in benignant accents:
"Excellent old man, and woman worthy of such a
husband, speak, tell us your wishes; what favour have you
to ask of us?" Philemon took counsel with Baucis a
few moments; then declared to the gods their united wish,
"We ask to be priests and guardians of this your
temple; and since here we have passed our lives in love
and concord, we wish that one and the same hour may take
us both from life, that I may not live to see her grave,
nor be laid in my own by her." Their prayer was
granted. |
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³×¸ðÁø ±âµÕ ´ë½Å¿¡ ¿øÁÖ(¿øÁÖ)°¡ ¼ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ÁöºØÀ» ÀΠ¤Àº ±ÝºûÀ¸·Î ¹øÂ½ÀÌ¸é¼ È²±Ý ÁöºØÀ¸·Î µÐ°©Çß´Ù. ¸¶·ç´Â ´ë¸®¼®À¸·Î, ¹®Àº Á¶°¢°ú Ȳ±Ý Àå½ÄÀ¸·Î ¾Æ¸§´ä°Ô ²Ù¸çÁ® ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌÀ¹°í Á¦¿ì½º´Â ÀÎÀÚÇÑ ¾îÁ¶·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù.
"ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ³ëÀÎÀÌ¿©, ±×¸®°í ±× ³²Æí¿¡ ¸øÁö¾ÊÀº ³ëÆÄ¿©, ´ç½ÅµéÀÇ ¼Ò¿øÀ» ¸»ÇϽʽÿÀ. ´ç½Åµé¿¡°Ô ¾î¶² ÀºÃÑÀ» º£Ç®¾úÀ¸¸é ÁÁ°Ú¼Ò?"
ÇÊ·¹¸óÀº ¹Ù¿ìŰ½º¿Í Àá½Ã »óÀÇÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ½Åµé¿¡°Ô µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼Ò¿øÀ» ¸»Çß´Ù.
"¿ì¸®´Â »çÁ¦(»çÁ¦)°¡ µÇ¾î ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ ½ÅÀüÀ» ÁöÄ×À¸¸é ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®´Â »ç¶û°ú ȸñ ¼Ó¿¡¼ »ý¾Ö¸¦ º¸³ÂÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ» ¶°³¯ ¶§µµ ÇÔ²² ¶°³ª¼, ³ª È¥ÀÚ »ì¾Æ³²¾Æ ¸¶´©¶óÀÇ ¹«´ýÀ» º¸°Å³ª, ȤÀº ¸¶´©¶óÀÇ ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ³» ¹«´ýÀ» ÆÄ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÏ¿© ÁֽʽÿÀ."
µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼Ò¿øÀº ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Á³´Ù. |
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They were the keepers of the temple as long as
they lived. When grown very old, as they stood one day
before the steps of the sacred edifice, and were telling
the story of the place, Baucis saw Philemon begin to put
forth leaves, and old Philemon saw Baucis changing in like
manner. And now a leafy crown had grown over their heads,
while exchanging parting words, as long as they could
speak. "Farewell, dear spouse," they said,
together, and at the same moment the bark closed over
their mouths. The Tyanean shepherd still shows the two
trees, standing side by side, made out of the two good old
people.
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±×µéÀº »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È ½ÅÀüÀ» ÁöÄ×´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ´Ä¾úÀ» ¶§, ¾î´À ³¯ ½ÅÀüÀÇ °è´Ü À§¿¡ ¼¼ ±×°÷ÀÇ À̾߱⸦ Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¶§ ¹Ù¿ìŰ½º´Â ÇÊ·¹¸óÀÇ ¸ö¿¡¼ ³ª¹µÀÙÀÌ ³ª¿À´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò°í ´ÄÀº ÇÊ·¹¸óÀº ¹Ù¿ìŰ½ºÀÇ ¸ö¿¡¼ ¶È °°Àº º¯È°¡ ÀϾ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´É·ÂÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇ´Â ÇÑ ¼·Î ÀÛº° Àλ縦 ±³È¯Çϰí ÀÖÀ» ¶§, ³ª¹µÀÙÀ¸·Î µÈ °üÀÌ ±×µé ¸Ó¸® À§¿¡ ¾º¿öÁö°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
"Àß ÀÖ¾î¿ä. ÀÓÀÌ¿©."
±×µéÀº ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ ¼ø°£ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ³ª¹«²®ÁúÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ÀÔÀ» µ¤¾î ¹ö·È´Ù. Æ¢´Ï¾Æ Áö¹æÀÇ ¾çÄ¡±â´Â, Áö±Ýµµ ¿ì¸®µéÀ» ÀÌ ¼±·®ÇÑ ³ëºÎºÎ°¡ º¯½ÅÇÏ¿© °¡Áö·±È÷ ¼ ÀÖ´Â ±× µÎ ±×·çÀÇ ³ª¹«°¡ ÀÖ´Â °÷À¸·Î ¾È³»ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
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The story of Baucis and Philemon has been imitated by Swift,
in a burlesque style, the actors in the change being two
wandering saints, and the house being changed into a
church, of which Philemon is made the parson. The
following may serve as a specimen:
"They scarce had spoke, when, fair and soft,
The root began to mount aloft;
Aloft rose every beam and rafter;
The heavy wall climbed slowly after.
The chimney widened and grew higher,
Became a steeple with a spire.
The kettle to the top was hoist,
And there stood fastened to a joist,
But with the upside down, to show,
Its inclination for below;
In vain, for a superior force,
Applied at bottom, stops its course;
Doomed ever in suspense to dwell,
'Tis now no kettle, but a bell.
A wooden jack, which had almost
Lost by disuse the art to roast,
A sudden alteration feels.
Increased by new intestine wheels;
And, what exalts the wonder more,
The number made the motion slower;
The flier, though 't had leaden feet,
Turned round so quick you scarce could see 't;
But slackened by some secret power,
Now hardly moves an inch an hour.
The jack and chimney, near allied,
Had never left each other's side:
The chimney to a steeple grown,
The jack would not be left alone;
But up against the steeple reared,
Became a clock, and still adhered;
And still its love to household cares
By a shrill voice at noon declares,
Warning the cook-maid not to burn
That roast meat which it cannot turn.
The groaning chair began to crawl,
Like a huge snail, along the wall;
There stuck aloft in public view,
And with small change, a pulpit grew.
A bedstead of the antique mode,
Compact of timber many a load,
Such as our ancestors did use,
Was metamorphosed into pews,
Which still their ancient nature keep
By lodging folks disposed to sleep."
[Baucis
and Philemon - Imitated from the Eighth Book of Ovid
by Jonathan Swift]
[see also:
The Play of Baucis and Philemon - written for
3rd - 6th grade students]
Webmaster's note: Both of these stories
(King Midas/Baucis and Philemon) are set in Phrygia
(Frygia),
in what is now Turkey (ancient
Anatolia). However, Herodotus (Bk.VIII,
138) places the locale of the story of King Midas in
Macedonia.
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Back to Chapter V
On to Chapter VII
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¡¡THOMAS BULFINCH
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